Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2013 Feb 1;3(2):a012021. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a012021.
Medium spiny neurons of the nucleus accumbens serve as the interface between corticolimbic regions that elicit and modulate motivated behaviors, including those related to drugs of abuse, and motor regions responsible for their execution. Medium spiny neurons are excited primarily by AMPA-type glutamate receptors, making AMPA receptor transmission in the accumbens a key regulatory point for addictive behaviors. In animal models of cocaine addiction, changes in the strength of AMPA receptor transmission onto accumbens medium spiny neurons have been shown to underlie cocaine-induced behavioral adaptations related to cocaine seeking. Here we review changes in AMPA receptor levels and subunit composition that occur after discontinuing different types of cocaine exposure, as well as changes elicited by cocaine reexposure following abstinence or extinction. Signaling pathways that regulate these cocaine-induced adaptations will also be considered, as they represent potential targets for addiction pharmacotherapies.
伏隔核的中间棘神经元作为引发和调节动机行为(包括与滥用药物相关的行为)的皮质边缘区域与负责执行这些行为的运动区域之间的接口。中间棘神经元主要被 AMPA 型谷氨酸受体兴奋,因此,伏隔核中的 AMPA 受体传递是成瘾行为的关键调节点。在可卡因成瘾的动物模型中,已经表明,伏隔核中间棘神经元上 AMPA 受体传递的强度变化是可卡因寻求相关的可卡因诱导行为适应的基础。在这里,我们综述了在停止不同类型的可卡因暴露后 AMPA 受体水平和亚基组成发生的变化,以及在戒断或消退后可卡因再暴露引起的变化。还将考虑调节这些可卡因诱导适应的信号通路,因为它们代表成瘾药物治疗的潜在靶点。