Ignjatovic Ana, Saunders Brian P
Wolfson Unit for Endoscopy, Imperial College, St Mark's Hospital, Watford Road, Harrow, HA1 3UJ, London, UK.
Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am. 2010 Jul;20(3):417-29. doi: 10.1016/j.giec.2010.03.002.
Flat adenomas are found commonly at colonoscopy throughout the world. Similarly, small, flat submucosally invasive cancers have been described worldwide but are relatively rare, accounting for 5% to 10% of all cancers detected at colonoscopy. Although there appears to be no difference in frequency of non-polypoid colorectal neoplasms between East and West, considerable variation has been reported by individual studies, probably because of lack of consistency when defining a flat lesion. Flat elevated lesions are the most common type of flat lesion and do not appear to have a greatly increased risk of harboring invasive malignancy; however, flat lesions with depression have a significant risk of malignancy and are probably the precursor lesions for most small, flat, or ulcerating cancers.
扁平腺瘤在世界各地的结肠镜检查中很常见。同样，小的扁平黏膜下浸润癌在全球范围内也有报道，但相对罕见，占结肠镜检查发现的所有癌症的5%至10%。尽管东西方非息肉样结直肠肿瘤的发生率似乎没有差异，但个别研究报告了相当大的差异，这可能是由于在定义扁平病变时缺乏一致性。扁平隆起性病变是最常见的扁平病变类型，似乎没有明显增加发生浸润性恶性肿瘤的风险；然而，凹陷性扁平病变有显著的恶性风险，可能是大多数小的、扁平的或溃疡性癌症的前驱病变。
