Urban and Regional Planning, POB 67, Har Adar 90836, Israel.
J Environ Manage. 2010 Nov;91(11):2358-69. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.06.027. Epub 2010 Jul 24.
Integrated coastal zone management (ICZM) addresses the interconnections, complexities, and conflicts between many users of the coastal area with different goals. It requires setting managerial boundaries that capture many elements of human and natural systems. Experience teaches us that without a directed effort managerial rules and laws are not likely to coincide with the physical sensitivity of units that reflect different environmental characteristics of the coastal zone. Hence the aim of this study is to explore why coastal managerial boundaries are set arbitrarily and whether and how it is possible to address the problems this poses. We examine what influences the decisions of a new coastal management authority in Israel to determine how this body overcomes the limits of arbitrary boundary demarcation. The study found that real life management succeeded to both address areas outside the arbitrary boundaries and also to respect some of the different socio-economic needs and physical constraints of the coastal sub-units. Israel's Coastal Environment Protection Law allows and, in fact, encourages the regulator to use discretion and to employ various criteria to balance development and conservation. This implies that policy makers are cognizant of a need to balance ecologically-sensitive boundaries that consider the homogeneity of the coast with politically feasible boundaries that are set arbitrarily.
综合海岸带管理（ICZM）涉及到具有不同目标的众多沿海地区使用者之间的相互联系、复杂性和冲突。它需要设定管理边界，以捕捉人类和自然系统的许多要素。经验告诉我们，如果没有有目的的努力，管理规则和法律就不太可能与反映沿海带不同环境特征的单位的物理敏感性相吻合。因此，本研究的目的是探讨为什么沿海管理边界是任意设定的，以及是否有可能解决由此带来的问题。我们研究了影响以色列新的沿海管理当局决策的因素，以确定该机构如何克服任意边界划定的局限性。研究发现，实际的管理成功地解决了任意边界之外的区域问题，同时也尊重了沿海子区域不同的社会经济需求和物理限制。以色列的《海岸环境保护法》允许并实际上鼓励监管机构行使酌处权，并采用各种标准来平衡发展和保护。这意味着政策制定者意识到需要平衡考虑海岸同质性的生态敏感边界，以及任意设定的政治可行边界。
