Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143-0610, USA.
J Pain Symptom Manage. 2010 Sep;40(3):416-35. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2009.12.027. Epub 2010 Jul 24.
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a major health care and societal problem that affects millions of people worldwide. In Nigeria, 45,000 to 90,000 babies are born each year with SCD. In the United States, SCD is the most common genetic disorder, affecting more than 80,000 people, the majority of whom are African American. Sickle cell pain is the hallmark feature of SCD. Most of the research on pain from SCD has focused on children with acute pain associated with sickle cell crisis. Consequently, very little is known about the occurrence and characteristics of chronic pain, especially in adults with SCD. Individuals with SCD who experience chronic pain are often underserved, and their pain is undertreated. This undertreatment may result in millions of dollars per year spent on emergency room visits, hospitalizations, and lost work productivity. The primary purpose of this literature review was to summarize the findings from studies that evaluated the characteristics of chronic pain in adults with SCD. Each of the studies included in this review was evaluated to determine if it provided data on the following multidimensional characteristics of chronic pain: occurrence, number of pain episodes, duration, pattern, quality, location, intensity, aggravating factors, relieving factors, and impact of pain on function. A secondary purpose was to identify gaps in knowledge and directions for future research on the multiple dimensions of chronic pain in adults with SCD.
镰状细胞病（SCD）是一个全球性的重大医疗和社会问题，影响着全球数百万人。在尼日利亚，每年有 45000 至 90000 名婴儿患有 SCD。在美国，SCD 是最常见的遗传疾病，影响着超过 80000 人，其中大多数是非洲裔美国人。镰状细胞疼痛是 SCD 的主要特征。大多数关于 SCD 疼痛的研究都集中在与镰状细胞危象相关的急性疼痛的儿童身上。因此，对于慢性疼痛的发生和特征，尤其是在患有 SCD 的成年人中，知之甚少。患有慢性疼痛的 SCD 患者往往得不到充分的治疗，他们的疼痛也未得到充分的治疗。这种治疗不足可能导致每年花费数百万美元用于急诊室就诊、住院和失去工作生产力。本文献综述的主要目的是总结评估成人 SCD 慢性疼痛特征的研究结果。本综述中包含的每项研究都进行了评估，以确定其是否提供了有关慢性疼痛以下多维特征的数据：发生、疼痛发作次数、持续时间、模式、质量、位置、强度、加重因素、缓解因素以及疼痛对功能的影响。次要目的是确定成人 SCD 慢性疼痛多维度研究的知识空白和未来研究方向。
