Tecklenburg Fred W, Cochran Joel B, Webb Sally A, Habib David M, Losek Joseph D
Division of Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, MUSC Children's Hospital, 135 Rutledge Ave, PO Box 250566, Charleston, SC, USA.
Pediatr Emerg Care. 2010 Aug;26(8):554-7. doi: 10.1097/PEC.0b013e3181ea71ca.
To determine the success rate and complications of using the external jugular (EJ) vein for central venous access in pediatric patients.
Prospective cohort study of children who underwent attempts at EJ vein central venous access while receiving care in an 11-bed pediatric intensive care unit at an urban children's hospital.
Over a period of 15 months, 50 patients had EJ venous cannulation attempts. Central venous access was achieved in 45 patients (90%). Successful central venous access was performed in 4 children (50%) younger than 1 year and in 36 older children (98%). Catheter-tip malposition on chest radiograph required subsequent line manipulation in 2 patients. No complications of pneumothorax or carotid artery puncture occurred during line insertion. The catheters were used for an average of 7.5 days (range, 1-28 days). Catheter malfunction occurred in 4 (1.21/100 catheter-days), and catheter-related bloodstream infections occurred in 2 patients (6.04/1000 catheter-days). No thrombotic complications were clinically detected.
The EJ vein is a viable site for central venous access with a low complication rate in pediatric patients.
确定在儿科患者中使用颈外静脉（EJ）进行中心静脉置管的成功率和并发症。
对在一家城市儿童医院的11张床位的儿科重症监护病房接受治疗时尝试进行EJ静脉中心静脉置管的儿童进行前瞻性队列研究。
在15个月的时间里，50例患者尝试进行EJ静脉置管。45例患者（90%）成功实现中心静脉置管。1岁以下的4名儿童（50%）和年龄较大的36名儿童（98%）成功进行了中心静脉置管。2例患者胸部X线片显示导管尖端位置不当，需要随后调整导管位置。置管过程中未发生气胸或颈动脉穿刺等并发症。导管平均使用7.5天（范围1 - 28天）。4例（1.21/100导管日）发生导管故障，2例患者（6.04/1000导管日）发生导管相关血流感染。临床上未检测到血栓形成并发症。
在儿科患者中，EJ静脉是中心静脉置管的可行部位，并发症发生率低。
