Department of Epidemiology of the Regional Health Service, Lazio Region, via S,Costanza 53, 00198 Rome, Italy.
Environ Health. 2010 Jul 21;9:41. doi: 10.1186/1476-069X-9-41.
Subjects living close to high traffic roads (HTR) are more likely to suffer from air-pollution related morbidity and mortality. The issue has large public health consequences but few studies have described the main socio-demographic characteristics of people exposed to traffic.
To characterise a large cohort of residents in Rome according to different measures of traffic exposure, socioeconomic position (SEP), and baseline health status.
Residents of Rome in October 2001 were selected. Individual and area-based SEP indices were available. GIS was used to obtain traffic indicators at residential addresses: distance from HTR (> = 10,000 vehicles/day), length of HTR, average daily traffic count, and traffic density within 150 meters of home. Hospitalisations in the 5-year period before enrolment were used to characterise health status. Logistic and linear regression analyses estimated the association between traffic exposure and socio-demographic characteristics.
We selected 1,898,898 subjects with complete SEP information and GIS traffic indicators. A total of 320,913 individuals (17%) lived within 50 meters of an HTR, and 14% lived between 50 and 100 meters. These proportions were higher among 75+ year-old subjects. Overall, all traffic indicators were directly associated with SEP, with people living in high or medium SEP areas or with a university degree more likely to be exposed to traffic than people living in low SEP areas or with a low level of education. However, an effect modification by area of residence within the city was seen and the association between traffic and SEP was reversed in the city centre.
A large section of the population is exposed to traffic in Rome. Elderly people and those living in areas of high and medium SEP tend to be more exposed. These findings are related to the historical stratification of the population within the city according to age and socioeconomic status.
居住在交通繁忙道路（HTR）附近的人更容易受到与空气污染相关的发病率和死亡率的影响。这个问题对公众健康有很大的影响，但很少有研究描述过暴露于交通环境的主要社会人口特征。
根据不同的交通暴露、社会经济地位（SEP）和基线健康状况，对罗马的一大群居民进行特征描述。
2001 年 10 月，选择了罗马的居民。个人和地区的 SEP 指数是可用的。GIS 用于获得居住地址的交通指标：距 HTR（>=10000 辆/天）的距离、HTR 的长度、平均每日交通量以及家附近 150 米内的交通密度。登记前 5 年的住院情况用于描述健康状况。逻辑和线性回归分析估计了交通暴露与社会人口特征之间的关联。
我们选择了 1898898 名具有完整 SEP 信息和 GIS 交通指标的受试者。共有 320913 人（17%）居住在 HTR 50 米以内，14%居住在 50-100 米之间。这些比例在 75 岁以上的人群中更高。总体而言，所有交通指标都与 SEP 直接相关，居住在高或中 SEP 地区或拥有大学学位的人比居住在低 SEP 地区或教育程度较低的人更有可能暴露于交通。然而，在城市内的居住区域存在着效应修饰，并且交通与 SEP 之间的关联在市中心发生了逆转。
罗马有很大一部分人口暴露于交通中。老年人和那些居住在高和中 SEP 地区的人更容易受到影响。这些发现与城市内人口根据年龄和社会经济地位的历史分层有关。
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