Association study of BDNF and DRD3 genes in schizophrenia diagnosis using matched case-control and family based study designs.

Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a severe neuropsychiatric disorder with prominent genetic etiologic factors. The dopamine receptor DRD3 gene is a strong candidate in genetic studies of SCZ because of the dopamine hypothesis of SCZ and the selective expression of D(3) in areas of the limbic system implicated in the disease. We examined 15 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in DRD3 in our sample of European origin consisting of 95 small nuclear SCZ families and 167 case-control pairs. We also examined four BDNF SNPs in our samples because of evidence for BDNF regulation of DRD3 expression (Guillin et al., 2001). We found a nominally significant genotypic association with rs7633291 and allelic association with rs1025398 alleles. However, these observations did not survive correction for multiple testing. We did not find a statistically significant association with the other DRD3 and BDNF polymorphisms. Taken together, the results from the present study suggest that BDNF and DRD3 may not be involved in SCZ susceptibility.