Flanders W D, Greenland S
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329.
Stat Med. 1991 May;10(5):739-47. doi: 10.1002/sim.4780100509.
Nested case-control studies, or case-control studies within a cohort, combine the advantages of cohort studies with the efficiency of case-control studies. Case-control studies can often be viewed as having two stages; the first stage consists of vital status, disease, and basic covariate ascertainment, and the second stage consists of detailed covariate and exposure ascertainment. Breslow and Cain (1988) and Breslow and Zhao (1988) recently showed that conventional analyses of such two-stage studies may ignore some of the available information. In this paper, we show how one can adapt the pseudo-likelihood analyses developed by Kalbfleisch and Lawless (1988) to the analysis of data from two-stage case-control studies.
巢式病例对照研究，即在队列中进行的病例对照研究，结合了队列研究的优点和病例对照研究的效率。病例对照研究通常可视为有两个阶段；第一阶段包括确定生命状态、疾病和基本协变量，第二阶段包括确定详细的协变量和暴露情况。布雷斯洛和凯恩（1988年）以及布雷斯洛和赵（1988年）最近表明，对这类两阶段研究的传统分析可能会忽略一些可用信息。在本文中，我们展示了如何将卡尔弗莱什和劳利斯（1988年）开发的拟似然分析应用于两阶段病例对照研究的数据。
