Iorio Roberto, Delle Monache Simona, Bennato Francesca, Di Bartolomeo Claudia, Scrimaglio Renato, Cinque Benedetta, Colonna Rosella Cardigno
Department of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies, University of L'Aquila, Italy.
Bioelectromagnetics. 2011 Jan;32(1):15-27. doi: 10.1002/bem.20602.
It has recently been reported that the exposure of human spermatozoa to an extremely low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic field (EMF) with a square waveform of 5 mT amplitude and frequency of 50 Hz improves sperm motility. The functional relationship between the energy metabolism and the enhancement of human sperm motility induced by ELF-EMF was investigated. Sperm exposure to ELF-EMF resulted in a progressive and significant increase of mitochondrial membrane potential and levels of ATP, ADP and NAD(+) that was associated with a progressive and significant increase in the sperm kinematic parameters. No significant effects were detected on other parameters such as ATP/ADP ratio and energy charge. When carbamoyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CICCP) was applied to inhibit the oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria, the values of energy parameters and motility in the sperm incubated in the presence of glucose and exposed to ELF-EMF did not change, thus indicating that the glycolysis was not involved in mediating ELF-EMF stimulatory effect on motility. By contrast, when pyruvate and lactate were provided instead of glucose, the energy status and motility increased significantly in ELF-EMF-treated sperm. Under these culture conditions, the inhibition of glycolitic metabolism by 2-deoxy-D-glucose (DOG) again resulted in increased values of energy and kinematic parameters, indicating that gluconeogenesis was not involved in producing glucose for use in glycolysis. We concluded that the key role in mediating the stimulatory effects exerted by ELF-EMF on human sperm motility is played by mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation rather than glycolysis.
最近有报道称，将人类精子暴露于振幅为5 mT、频率为50 Hz的方波极低频（ELF）电磁场（EMF）中可改善精子活力。研究了能量代谢与ELF-EMF诱导的人类精子活力增强之间的功能关系。精子暴露于ELF-EMF导致线粒体膜电位以及ATP、ADP和NAD(+)水平逐渐显著增加，这与精子运动学参数的逐渐显著增加相关。未检测到对其他参数如ATP/ADP比率和能量电荷有显著影响。当应用羰基氰化物间氯苯腙（CCCP）抑制线粒体中的氧化磷酸化时，在葡萄糖存在下孵育并暴露于ELF-EMF的精子中的能量参数和活力值没有变化，因此表明糖酵解不参与介导ELF-EMF对活力的刺激作用。相比之下，当提供丙酮酸和乳酸代替葡萄糖时，ELF-EMF处理的精子中的能量状态和活力显著增加。在这些培养条件下，2-脱氧-D-葡萄糖（DOG）对糖酵解代谢的抑制再次导致能量和运动学参数值增加，表明糖异生不参与产生用于糖酵解的葡萄糖。我们得出结论，在介导ELF-EMF对人类精子活力的刺激作用中，关键作用由线粒体氧化磷酸化而非糖酵解发挥。
