Ehring Thomas, Frank Silke, Ehlers Anke
Cognit Ther Res. 2008 Aug;32(4):488-506. doi: 10.1007/s10608-006-9089-7. Epub 2007 Mar 28.
Rumination has been linked to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression following trauma. A cross-sectional (N = 101) and a prospective longitudinal study (N = 147) of road traffic accident survivors assessed rumination, PTSD and depression with self-report measures and structured interviews. We tested the hypotheses that (1) rumination predicts the maintenance of PTSD and depression and (2) reduced concreteness of ruminative thinking may be a maintaining factor. Rumination significantly predicted PTSD and depression at 6 months over and above what could be predicted from initial symptom levels. In contrast to the second hypothesis, reduced concreteness in an iterative rumination task was not significantly correlated with self-reported rumination frequency, and did not consistently correlate with symptom severity measures. However, multiple regression analyses showed that the combination of reduced concreteness and self-reported frequency of rumination predicted subsequent PTSD better than rumination frequency alone. The results support the view that rumination is an important maintaining factor of trauma-related emotional disorders.
反复思考与创伤后的创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）和抑郁症有关。一项针对道路交通事故幸存者的横断面研究（N = 101）和一项前瞻性纵向研究（N = 147），通过自我报告测量和结构化访谈对反复思考、PTSD和抑郁症进行了评估。我们检验了以下假设：（1）反复思考预示着PTSD和抑郁症的持续存在；（2）反复思考的具体性降低可能是一个维持因素。反复思考在很大程度上预示着6个月时的PTSD和抑郁症，超出了根据初始症状水平所能预测的范围。与第二个假设相反，在一项反复思考任务中具体性的降低与自我报告的反复思考频率没有显著相关性，也没有始终如一地与症状严重程度测量指标相关。然而，多元回归分析表明，具体性降低和自我报告的反复思考频率相结合，比单独的反复思考频率能更好地预测随后的PTSD。结果支持了反复思考是创伤相关情绪障碍的一个重要维持因素这一观点。
