Department of Psychology, University of Glasgow, UK.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2010 Dec;36(6):1477-85. doi: 10.1037/a0019057.
Person detection is an important prerequisite of social interaction, but is not well understood. Following suggestions that people in the visual field can capture a viewer's attention, this study examines the role of the face and the body for person detection in natural scenes. We observed that viewers tend first to look at the center of a scene, and only then to fixate on a person. When a person's face was rendered invisible in scenes, bodies were detected as quickly as faces without bodies, indicating that both are equally useful for person detection. Detection was optimized when face and body could be seen, but observers preferentially fixated faces, reinforcing the notion of a prominent role for the face in social perception. These findings have implications for claims of attention capture by faces in that they demonstrate a mediating influence of body cues and general scanning principles in natural scenes.
人物检测是社交互动的重要前提，但目前人们对此了解甚少。有研究表明，视野中的人能够吸引观察者的注意力，本研究考察了在自然场景中面部和身体对人物检测的作用。我们观察到，观察者首先倾向于观看场景的中心，然后才注视人物。当场景中的人脸变得不可见时，身体的检测速度与有身体的人脸一样快，这表明两者对于人物检测同样有用。当能够看到面部和身体时，检测效果最佳，但观察者更优先注视面部，这进一步证实了面部在社会感知中起着重要作用的观点。这些发现对于面部吸引注意力的说法具有启示意义，因为它们表明在自然场景中，身体线索和一般扫描原则具有中介作用。
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