Hall B F, Joiner K A
Dept of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510-8056.
Immunol Today. 1991 Mar;12(3):A22-7. doi: 10.1016/S0167-5699(05)80007-6.
During the course of establishing infection in a susceptible host, obligate intracellular parasites evade host defence mechanisms before, during and after entry into host cells. Before entry they circumvent the lytic activity of the complement cascade, during cell entry they avoid being killed by toxic oxygen metabolites and after entry they escape nonoxidative killing mechanisms such as degradation by lysosomal hydrolases. Different intracellular parasites, exemplified here by Leishmania spp, Trypanosoma cruzi and Toxoplasma gondii, undermine host defences at each step by various strategies that ultimately ensure their targeting to, and survival in, an appropriate intracellular compartment.
在易感宿主建立感染的过程中，专性细胞内寄生虫在进入宿主细胞之前、期间和之后都会逃避宿主防御机制。进入之前，它们规避补体级联反应的溶解活性；细胞进入期间，它们避免被毒性氧代谢产物杀死；进入之后，它们逃避非氧化杀伤机制，如被溶酶体水解酶降解。不同的细胞内寄生虫，如利什曼原虫属、克氏锥虫和刚地弓形虫，在每个步骤都通过各种策略破坏宿主防御，这些策略最终确保它们靶向并存活于合适的细胞内区室。
