University of Maryland at College Park, 0141D Lefrak Hall, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2010 Dec;53(6):1595-615. doi: 10.1044/1092-4388(2010/09-0105). Epub 2010 Aug 10.
Recent applications of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique introduced accurate 3-dimensional measurements of the velopharyngeal mechanism. Further standardization of the data acquisition and analysis protocol was successfully applied to imaging adults at rest and during phonation. This study was designed to test and modify a noninvasive protocol for evaluating young children without using general anesthesia. In addition, the velopharyngeal structures and their maximal motion were compared between adults and children.
MRI data were acquired in 12 young adults and 9 children at rest and during speech production. Multiple measurements were made on the velopharyngeal and craniofacial structures as well as on the levator veli palatini muscle.
Most of the ratio measurements of structural shape and maximal motion in the velopharyngeal and craniofacial regions were not significantly different between the adults and the children, despite the fact that the children had much smaller structures than the adults.
The proportion of the velopharyngeal mechanism remains stable in young children and adults so that the motions of the velum and pharyngeal walls are adequate to close the velopharyngeal port completely.
磁共振成像（MRI）技术的最新应用实现了对腭咽机制的精确三维测量。数据采集和分析协议的进一步标准化已成功应用于对安静和发音状态下的成年人进行成像。本研究旨在测试和改进一种无需全身麻醉即可评估幼儿的非侵入性方案。此外，还比较了成年人和儿童的腭咽结构及其最大运动。
在休息和言语产生期间，对 12 名年轻成年人和 9 名儿童进行了 MRI 数据采集。对腭咽和颅面结构以及腭帆提肌进行了多次测量。
尽管儿童的结构比成年人小得多，但腭咽和颅面区域的结构形状和最大运动的大多数比值测量在成年人和儿童之间没有显著差异。
腭咽机制的比例在幼儿和成年人中保持稳定，因此软腭和咽壁的运动足以完全关闭腭咽口。
