Piraino D, Richmond B, Schluchter M, Rockey D, Schils J
Department of Radiology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH.
J Digit Imaging. 1991 May;4(2):94-101. doi: 10.1007/BF03170417.
Application of computer-based expert systems to diagnostic medical problems has been described in many areas including clinical diagnosis and radiology. Expert systems are computer programs that contain encoded expert knowledge to provide expert advice. A modified observer-performance study was done comparing the efficacy of the Radiology Image Interpretation System (RIIS), an expert system that diagnoses focal bone abnormalities, and radiology residents on a known set of 44 abnormal and 10 normal cases. Modified receiver operating characteristic curves for four inexperienced residents, five experienced residents, and RIIS were generated using the set of known radiographs. The true-positive rates of RIIS and the residents at false-positive rates of 0.05, 0.15, and 0.20 were estimated using the modified receiver operating characteristics curve and were compared using a paired t test. On the average, the RIIS system was less accurate when compared with experienced and inexperienced residents but the difference was only significant for experienced residents at a false-positive rate of 0.05. RIIS performed better than inexperienced residents when RIIS was used by experienced residents but this difference was not significant.
基于计算机的专家系统在诊断医学问题中的应用已在包括临床诊断和放射学在内的许多领域得到描述。专家系统是包含编码专家知识以提供专家建议的计算机程序。进行了一项改良的观察者表现研究，比较了诊断局灶性骨异常的专家系统放射学图像解释系统（RIIS）与放射科住院医师对一组已知的44例异常病例和10例正常病例的诊断效果。使用已知的X光片集生成了四名经验不足的住院医师、五名经验丰富的住院医师和RIIS的改良接收者操作特征曲线。使用改良的接收者操作特征曲线估计RIIS和住院医师在假阳性率为0.05、0.15和0.20时的真阳性率，并使用配对t检验进行比较。平均而言，与经验丰富和经验不足的住院医师相比，RIIS系统的准确性较低，但差异仅在假阳性率为0.05时对经验丰富的住院医师显著。当经验丰富的住院医师使用RIIS时，RIIS的表现优于经验不足的住院医师，但这种差异并不显著。
