Sundaram Baskaran, Kreml Renee, Patel Smita
Department of Radiology, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, 48109-5868, USA.
Radiol Clin North Am. 2010 Jul;48(4):711-27. doi: 10.1016/j.rcl.2010.04.006.
Coronary artery anomalies (CAA) are uncommon congenital variations in coronary anatomy, occurring in 0.2% to 1.2% of the general population, the majority of which are detected incidentally and have little clinical significance. A minority of CAA, primarily due to an interarterial course, is clinically significant, and may present with symptoms of myocardial ischemia, malignant ventricular arrhythmias, and even sudden cardiac death. Until recently, CAA were primarily detected at catheter coronary angiography. With recent advances in multidetector computed tomography (CT) technology and the use of electrocardiographic gating, coronary CT angiography provides an exquisite omnidimensional display of the anomalous coronary arteries and their relation to the adjacent structures noninvasively, and is the diagnostic test of choice. Understanding CAA morphology and clinical significance of CAA is important for establishing a diagnosis, and is essential for appropriate patient management and treatment planning.
冠状动脉异常（CAA）是冠状动脉解剖结构中罕见的先天性变异，在普通人群中的发生率为0.2%至1.2%，其中大多数是偶然发现的，临床意义不大。少数CAA主要由于走行于动脉之间，具有临床意义，可能表现为心肌缺血、恶性室性心律失常甚至心源性猝死的症状。直到最近，CAA主要是在导管冠状动脉造影时被发现。随着多排螺旋计算机断层扫描（CT）技术的最新进展以及心电图门控技术的应用，冠状动脉CT血管造影能够无创地对异常冠状动脉及其与相邻结构的关系进行精确的全方位显示，是首选的诊断检查方法。了解CAA的形态和临床意义对于确立诊断很重要，对于恰当的患者管理和治疗规划也至关重要。
