Wampler Stephen M, Llanes Mikel
Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan, Room L2003, Box 5239, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5239, USA.
Prim Care. 2010 Sep;37(3):613-26, x. doi: 10.1016/j.pop.2010.04.009.
Scrotal and testicular problems range from the benign and painless to the malignant and debilitating. The primary care physician should be able to triage these problems and know when to give reassurance and when to initiate a targeted workup that may lead to specialist intervention. This article focuses on scrotal pain and palpable abnormalities. Scrotal pain includes well-defined acute causes such as torsion and infection and the less well-defined chronic orchialgia. Palpable abnormalities covered here include cryptorchidism, hydrocele, spermatocele, varicocele, and testicular cancer.
阴囊和睾丸问题多种多样，从良性无痛到恶性使人衰弱不等。基层医疗医生应能够对这些问题进行分类，并知道何时给予安心的答复，何时启动可能导致专科干预的针对性检查。本文重点关注阴囊疼痛和可触及的异常情况。阴囊疼痛包括明确的急性病因，如扭转和感染，以及定义不太明确的慢性睾丸疼痛。这里涵盖的可触及异常包括隐睾、鞘膜积液、精液囊肿、精索静脉曲张和睾丸癌。
