Dall'Olio Stefania, Fontanesi Luca, Nanni Costa Leonardo, Tassinari Marco, Minieri Laura, Falaschini Adalberto
DIPROVAL, Sezione di Allevamenti Zootecnici, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bologna, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
J Biomed Biotechnol. 2010;2010. doi: 10.1155/2010/542945. Epub 2010 Jul 14.
Myostatin (MSTN) is a negative modulator of muscle mass. We characterized the horse (Equus caballus) MSTN gene and identified and analysed single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in breeds of different morphological types. Sequencing of coding, untranslated, intronic, and regulatory regions of MSTN gene in 12 horses from 10 breeds revealed seven SNPs: two in the promoter, four in intron 1, and one in intron 2. The SNPs of the promoter (GQ183900:g.26T>C and GQ183900:g.156T>C, the latter located within a conserved TATA-box like motif) were screened in 396 horses from 16 breeds. The g.26C and the g.156C alleles presented higher frequency in heavy (brachymorphic type) than in light breeds (dolichomorphic type such as Italian Trotter breed). The significant difference of allele frequencies for the SNPs at the promoter and analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) on haplotypes indicates that these polymorphisms could be associated with variability of morphology traits in horse breeds.
肌肉生长抑制素（MSTN）是肌肉量的负调节因子。我们对马（Equus caballus）的MSTN基因进行了特征分析，并在不同形态类型的品种中鉴定和分析了单核苷酸多态性（SNP）。对来自10个品种的12匹马的MSTN基因的编码区、非翻译区、内含子区和调控区进行测序，发现了7个SNP：2个在启动子区，4个在内含子1中，1个在内含子2中。在来自16个品种的396匹马中筛选了启动子区的SNP（GQ183900:g.26T>C和GQ183900:g.156T>C，后者位于一个保守的类似TATA盒的基序内）。g.26C和g.156C等位基因在重型（短体型）品种中的频率高于轻型品种（长体型品种，如意大利快步马品种）。启动子区SNP的等位基因频率差异显著，以及对单倍型的分子方差分析（AMOVA）表明，这些多态性可能与马品种形态特征的变异性有关。
