Department of Medicine, Metropolitan Hospital, Quito, Ecuador.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2010 Sep;104(9):588-91. doi: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2010.05.006. Epub 2010 Jun 17.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the burden of snake bite in Ecuador and to identify the difficulties of snake bite management in Ecuadorian health facilities. A survey based on national health statistics was carried out in Ecuador to estimate the overall incidence and mortality due to snake bites. During the period 1998-2007, the average annual incidence and mortality was respectively 11 and 0.5 per 100 000 inhabitants. The at-risk population was represented mainly by males aged 10-54 years. Snake bite incidence increased during the rainy season and El Niño. According to one data source, the majority of snake bites occurred in the coastal region (56%) compared with the Amazonian rainforest (11%) and the highlands (33%). This geographical variation in snake bite incidence may reflect the distribution of venomous snakes and human population densities and activities. This preliminary national survey on the incidence of the envenomings due to snake bite in Ecuador showed a stable incidence over the time period studied but was heterogeneous in the three geographical regions of Ecuador. The incidence and mortality were higher in the lowland humid regions where Bothrops species are abundant.
本研究旨在评估厄瓜多尔蛇伤负担，并确定厄瓜多尔医疗机构处理蛇伤的困难。在厄瓜多尔进行了一项基于国家卫生统计数据的调查，以估计因蛇咬伤导致的总发病率和死亡率。1998 年至 2007 年期间，蛇咬伤的年平均发病率和死亡率分别为每 10 万人 11 例和 0.5 例。高危人群主要为 10-54 岁的男性。蛇伤发病率在雨季和厄尔尼诺现象期间增加。根据一个数据源，与亚马逊雨林（11%）和高地（33%）相比，大多数蛇伤发生在沿海地区（56%）。这种蛇伤发病率的地理差异可能反映了毒蛇的分布以及人口密度和活动情况。这项关于厄瓜多尔蛇伤发病率的初步全国性调查显示，在研究期间发病率保持稳定，但在厄瓜多尔的三个地理区域存在异质性。发病率和死亡率在毒蛇种类丰富的低地湿润地区较高。
