Casaletto Jennifer J
Department of Emergency Medicine, Virginia Tech-Carilion School of Medicine, CRMH-Admin 1S, 1906 Belleview Avenue, Roanoke, VA 24014, USA.
Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2010 Aug;28(3):633-62. doi: 10.1016/j.emc.2010.03.013.
Altered level of consciousness describes the reason for 3% of critical emergency department (ED) visits. Approximately 85% will be found to have a metabolic or systemic cause. Early laboratory studies such as a bedside glucose test, serum electrolytes, or a urine dipstick test often direct the ED provider toward endocrine or metabolic causes. This article examines common endocrine and metabolic causes of altered mentation in the ED via sections dedicated to endocrine-, electrolyte-, metabolic acidosis-, and metabolism-related causes.
意识水平改变是3%的急诊室危急就诊病例的病因。约85%的病例被发现存在代谢或全身性病因。早期实验室检查，如床边血糖检测、血清电解质检测或尿液试纸检测，常常能引导急诊室医护人员找出内分泌或代谢方面的病因。本文通过专门阐述内分泌、电解质、代谢性酸中毒及代谢相关病因的章节，探讨急诊室中导致意识错乱的常见内分泌和代谢病因。
