Puskar K, Lamb J
Issues Ment Health Nurs. 1991 Jun-Sep;12(3):267-81. doi: 10.3109/01612849109040520.
The purpose of this pilot study is to explore the life events, problems, stressful situations, and coping methods used by adolescents. A sample of 69 volunteer adolescents age 16-18 was obtained from a rural western Pennsylvania high school. The following instruments were administered: The Life Event Scale, senior high version (Coddington, 1972); Mooney Problem Checklist (1951); Stress Questionnaire (Lazarus & Folkman, 1984); and the Ways of Coping Questionnaire (Folkman & Lazarus, 1988). Descriptive statistics revealed the most frequent life event listed was breaking up with a boyfriend/girlfriend; most frequent problems were related to adjustment to school; and most common stress situations related to family. Coping methods were delineated with a few gender differences noted. The most common method of coping was self-control. The adolescent population has many issues to deal with during a time of psychosocial and physiological change and vulnerability. The psychiatric-mental health nurse specialist could be a valuable asset to help school systems teach health promotion and prevention concepts about mental health, identify students at high risk for mental health disorders, and offer counseling and guidance for students and consultative services for both teachers and parents.
这项试点研究的目的是探索青少年经历的生活事件、问题、压力情境以及所采用的应对方法。从宾夕法尼亚州西部农村的一所高中选取了69名年龄在16至18岁的青少年志愿者作为样本。使用了以下工具：《生活事件量表》高中版（科丁顿，1972年）；《穆尼问题清单》（1951年）；《压力问卷》（拉扎勒斯和福克曼，1984年）；以及《应对方式问卷》（福克曼和拉扎勒斯，1988年）。描述性统计结果显示，列出的最常见生活事件是与男朋友/女朋友分手；最常见的问题与适应学校有关；最常见的压力情境与家庭有关。应对方法已明确，且注意到了一些性别差异。最常见的应对方法是自我控制。在心理社会和生理发生变化且较为脆弱的时期，青少年群体有许多问题需要处理。精神心理健康护理专家可能是一项宝贵资产，可帮助学校系统传授有关心理健康的健康促进和预防概念，识别有心理健康障碍高风险的学生，并为学生提供咨询和指导，为教师和家长提供咨询服务。
