Oh K, Han J S
Kanho Hakhoe Chi. 1990 Dec;20(3):414-29. doi: 10.4040/jnas.1990.20.3.414.
Numerous research reports have substantiated the role of stressful life events in relation to the onset of health changes. The relationship tends to hold across different age groups. Theoretically, adolescence has been considered a developmental crisis period of great stress, impoverished coping skills and high vulnerability to biological, social and psychological demands. The research problem addressed by this study was to examine the relationships between stressful life events and health symptom patterns, and the effect of two variables, coping and social support, theoretically considered to mediate the relationship between stress and health symptoms in adolescents. The following five hypotheses were tested in this research: 1. Health symptoms are positively related to stressful life events in adolescents, 2. Health symptoms are negatively related to coping in adolescents, 3. Health symptoms are negatively related to social support in adolescents, 4. When coping is controlled, the relationship between health symptoms and stressful life events will decrease, and 5. When social support is controlled, the relationship between health symptoms and stressful life events will increase. The study subjects consisted of 1090 high school students of the metropolitan city of Seoul. The following sampling procedure was used: 1. Of the 169 high schools in nine school administrative districts in the city, a proportional sample of ten schools was selected. 2. One class from each of the freshman and sophomore was randomly selected and all the students who were in the sampled class were used as the study sample. The study was limited to freshman and sophomore adolescents, aged 15 to 18 (mean = 16.6). Of the 1090 subjects 688 (63%) were boys and 402 (37%) were girls. An Adolescent Inventory of Stressful Life Events, a Health Symptom Questionnaire and an Adolescent Coping Inventory were adapted for this study. The Norbeck Social Support Questionnaire was utilized to collect the data on perceived social support. Five high school teachers in the areas of school health and counselling reviewed the items of each questionnaire for content validity. A pilot study was undertaken to ascertain reliability. Fifty three high school students responded to the questionnaires and gave their opinions on the items. For stressful life events, health symptoms, coping, and social support, the Cronbach's alpha's on the study were .70, .94, .77, and .76, respectively. Research assistants attended all the sampled classes with the school proctor to explain the purpose and procedures of the study to the students. The questionnaires along with a ballpoint pen were distributed to the students who were asked to complete each item.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
众多研究报告证实了生活应激事件在健康变化发生过程中的作用。这种关系在不同年龄组中往往都成立。从理论上讲，青春期被认为是一个压力巨大、应对技能匮乏且极易受到生物、社会和心理需求影响的发展危机期。本研究探讨的问题是考察生活应激事件与健康症状模式之间的关系，以及应对和社会支持这两个变量的影响，理论上认为这两个变量可调节青少年压力与健康症状之间的关系。本研究检验了以下五个假设：1. 青少年的健康症状与生活应激事件呈正相关；2. 青少年的健康症状与应对呈负相关；3. 青少年的健康症状与社会支持呈负相关；4. 当控制应对因素时，健康症状与生活应激事件之间的关系将减弱；5. 当控制社会支持因素时，健康症状与生活应激事件之间的关系将增强。研究对象包括首尔市的1090名高中生。采用了以下抽样程序：1. 在该市九个学校行政区的169所高中中，按比例抽取了十所学校作为样本。2. 从高一和高二各随机抽取一个班级，该样本班级中的所有学生都作为研究样本。本研究仅限于15至18岁（平均年龄 = 16.6岁）的高一和高二青少年。在1090名研究对象中，688名（63%）为男生，402名（37%）为女生。本研究采用了《青少年生活应激事件量表》《健康症状问卷》和《青少年应对量表》。使用《诺贝克社会支持问卷》收集有关感知到的社会支持的数据。学校健康与咨询领域的五名高中教师对每份问卷的项目进行了内容效度审查。进行了一项预试验以确定信度。53名高中生对问卷做出了回应，并对问卷项目发表了意见。对于生活应激事件、健康症状、应对和社会支持，本研究中的克朗巴哈系数分别为0.70、0.94、0.77和0.76。研究助理与学校监考人员一同前往所有样本班级，向学生解释研究的目的和程序。问卷和一支圆珠笔分发给学生，要求他们完成每个项目。（摘要截选至400字）
