Section of Palliative Medicine and Suppportive Oncology, The Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
Support Care Cancer. 2011 Sep;19(9):1451-63. doi: 10.1007/s00520-010-0972-0. Epub 2010 Aug 17.
Cancer cachexia, a complex wasting syndrome, is common in palliative medicine. Animal models expand our understanding of its mechanisms. A review of cancer cachexia and anorexia animal models will help investigators make an informed choice of the study model.
Cancer-anorexia cachexia animal models are numerous. No one is ideal. The choice should depend on the research question. To investigate cancer-anorexia cachexia independent of pro-inflammatory cytokine effects, the MAC16 ADK and XK1 are useful. MAC16 ADK helps study the host's tumor metabolic effects, independent of any anorexia or inflammation. XK1 is both anorectic and cachectic, but data about it is limited. All other models induce a host inflammatory response. The Walker 256 ADK and MCG 101 are best avoided due to excessive tumor growth. Since individual models do not address all aspects of the syndrome, use of a combination seems wise. Suggested combinations: MAC16-ADK (non-inflammatory and non-anorectic) with YAH-130 (inflammatory, anorectic, and cachectic), Lewis lung carcinoma (slow onset anorexia) or prostate adenocarcinoma (inflammatory, anorectic but not cachectic) with YAH-130.
癌症恶病质是一种复杂的消耗性综合征，在姑息医学中很常见。动物模型扩展了我们对其机制的理解。对癌症恶病质和厌食症动物模型的综述将帮助研究人员在研究模型中做出明智的选择。
癌症-厌食-恶病质动物模型很多。没有一个是理想的。选择应取决于研究问题。为了研究与促炎细胞因子作用无关的癌症-厌食-恶病质，MAC16 ADK 和 XK1 很有用。MAC16 ADK 有助于研究宿主的肿瘤代谢效应，而与任何厌食或炎症无关。XK1 既厌食又恶病质，但关于它的数据有限。所有其他模型都会引起宿主的炎症反应。由于肿瘤生长过度，Walker 256 ADK 和 MCG 101 最好避免使用。由于单个模型不能解决该综合征的所有方面，因此似乎明智的是使用组合。建议的组合：MAC16-ADK（非炎症性和非厌食性）与 YAH-130（炎症性、厌食性和恶病质性），Lewis 肺癌（发病缓慢的厌食症）或前列腺腺癌（炎症性、厌食性但不恶病质）与 YAH-130。
