Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 228 ERML, MC-051, 1201 West Gregory Drive, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
Cancer Metastasis Rev. 2010 Sep;29(3):511-28. doi: 10.1007/s10555-010-9241-4.
The process of carcinogenesis is complex and not easy to eliminate. It includes the initial occurrence of genetic alterations which can lead to the inactivation of tumor-suppressor genes and further accumulation of genetic alterations during tumor progression. Looking for food and food components with biological properties, collectively called nutraceuticals, that can hinder such alterations and prevent the inactivation of tumor-suppressor genes is a very promising area for cancer prevention. Proteins and peptides are one group of nutraceuticals that show potential results in preventing the different stages of cancer including initiation, promotion, and progression. In this review, we summarized current knowledge on the use of nutraceutical proteins and peptides in cancer prevention and treatment. We focused on the role of plant protease inhibitors, lactoferrin and lactoferricin, shark cartilage, plant lectins, and lunasin in the apoptosis, angiogenesis, and metastasis of cancer cells. Also included are studies on bioavailability and clinical trials conducted on these promising proteins and peptides.
肿瘤发生的过程是复杂的，不容易消除。它包括遗传改变的初始发生，这可能导致肿瘤抑制基因的失活，并在肿瘤进展过程中进一步积累遗传改变。寻找具有生物特性的食物和食物成分，统称为功能性食品，它们可以阻止这种改变并防止肿瘤抑制基因的失活，这是癌症预防的一个非常有前途的领域。蛋白质和肽是一类功能性食品，它们在预防癌症的不同阶段（包括起始、促进和进展）方面显示出了潜在的效果。在这篇综述中，我们总结了功能性食品蛋白质和肽在癌症预防和治疗中的应用的最新知识。我们重点介绍了植物蛋白酶抑制剂、乳铁蛋白和乳铁蛋白肽、鲨鱼软骨、植物凝集素和 lunasin 在癌细胞凋亡、血管生成和转移中的作用。还包括对这些有前途的蛋白质和肽的生物利用度和临床试验的研究。
