Vermani Maansi, Vijayan Vannan K, Kausar Mohd A, Agarwal Mahendra K
Department of Respiratory Allergy and Applied Immunology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.
J Asthma. 2010 Sep;47(7):754-61. doi: 10.3109/02770903.2010.492539.
Airborne Aspergillus species are significant environmental components involved in the pathogenesis and persistence of allergic respiratory diseases. The detection and quantification of airborne allergens is important to elucidate the clinical implications of environmental exposure of patients suffering with allergic asthma and/or allergic rhinitis.
The authors report a simple volumetric approach to measure atmospheric concentration of four common airborne species of Aspergillus-A. flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger, and A. tamarii.
As particulate aeroallergens may also exist in amorphous form in addition to morphologically identifiable fungal spores/hyphae, a volumetric technique using membrane filters was developed for simultaneous quantification of (a) viable Aspergillus counts, i.e., colony-forming units (cfu)/m(3), and (b) actual Aspergillus allergen content (ng/m(3)) in the air. Further, immunochemically quantified airborne Aspergillus allergens were compared with their corresponding colony counts.
The average monthly aerial counts of the four Aspergillus species recorded during the sampling year were A. flavus: 0.25-15.2 cfu/m(3); A. fumigatus: 1.25-15.6 cfu/m(3); A. niger: 0.75-16.0 cfu/m(3); and A. tamarii: 0.5-11.8 cfu/m(3) of air. Aerial Aspergillus allergen(s) concentration varied from species to species: A. flavus: 26.8-680.8 ng; A. fumigatus: 18.0-380.4 ng; A. niger: 28.2-1879.0 ng; and A. tamarii: 9.2-238.3 ng/m(3) of air. Seasonal distribution of airborne colony counts of the four species didn't correlate with their respective allergen content.
Aspergillus allergens were present in the air of Delhi area throughout the year with seasonal variations. The authors feel that by using the immunochemical technique it will be possible to measure actual exposure of patients to various airborne Aspergillus allergens.
空气中的曲霉菌种是参与过敏性呼吸道疾病发病机制和持续存在的重要环境因素。检测和量化空气中的过敏原对于阐明过敏性哮喘和/或过敏性鼻炎患者环境暴露的临床意义至关重要。
作者报告一种简单的体积法来测量空气中四种常见曲霉菌种——黄曲霉、烟曲霉、黑曲霉和棕曲霉的大气浓度。
由于除了形态上可识别的真菌孢子/菌丝外，颗粒性气传过敏原也可能以无定形形式存在，因此开发了一种使用膜过滤器的体积技术，用于同时量化（a）活曲霉菌计数，即菌落形成单位（cfu）/立方米，以及（b）空气中实际曲霉菌过敏原含量（纳克/立方米）。此外，将免疫化学定量的空气中曲霉菌过敏原与其相应的菌落计数进行比较。
采样年份记录的四种曲霉菌种的月平均空中计数为：黄曲霉：0.25 - 15.2 cfu/立方米；烟曲霉：1.25 - 15.6 cfu/立方米；黑曲霉：0.75 - 16.0 cfu/立方米；棕曲霉：0.5 - 11.8 cfu/立方米空气。空气中曲霉菌过敏原浓度因物种而异：黄曲霉：26.8 - 680.8纳克；烟曲霉：18.0 - 380.4纳克；黑曲霉：范围为28.2 - 1879.0纳克；棕曲霉：9.2 - 238.3纳克/立方米空气。这四种曲霉菌种的空气中菌落计数的季节分布与其各自的过敏原含量不相关。
德里地区空气中全年都存在曲霉菌过敏原，且有季节变化。作者认为，通过使用免疫化学技术，将有可能测量患者实际暴露于各种空气中曲霉菌过敏原的情况。
