Folstein M F, Bassett S S, Anthony J C, Romanoski A J, Nestadt G R
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore.
J Gerontol. 1991 Jul;46(4):M132-8. doi: 10.1093/geronj/46.4.m132.
The three-stage East Baltimore Mental Health Survey, conducted in 1981 as part of the Epidemiological Catchment Area Program, provided an opportunity to assess the prevalence of dementia and specific dementing disorders in a community-based, cross-sectional sample of the population. From the 3,841 households originally sampled, 810 individuals were selected for clinical psychiatric evaluation. Forty-one individuals were given a provisional diagnosis and referred to Stage 3 for differential diagnosis, with 32 individuals completing this evaluation. Thorough clinical evaluation of these cases resulted in an overall prevalence of dementia of 4.5% in those 65 years of age and older. The prevalence of specific dementing disorders was Alzheimer's disease (AD) (2.0%), Multi-Infarct Dementia (MID) (2.0%) and Mixed Dementia (MD) (0.5%). Prevalence increased with age for all dementias: Non-Whites had higher rates of dementia than Whites; females had higher rates of AD while males had higher rates of MID; and the prevalence of AD increased with increasing education, whereas the prevalence of MID decreased with increased education. Although this study includes only a small number of cases, necessitating some caution in interpreting the results, these figures do represent an estimate of the prevalence of severe dementing disorders and provide a basis for further community study.
作为流行病学集水区项目的一部分，1981年开展了三阶段的东巴尔的摩心理健康调查，该调查提供了一个机会，可在基于社区的人口横断面样本中评估痴呆症及特定痴呆性疾病的患病率。从最初抽样的3841户家庭中，选取了810人进行临床精神病学评估。41人被给予初步诊断，并被转至第三阶段进行鉴别诊断，其中32人完成了该评估。对这些病例进行全面临床评估后发现，65岁及以上人群中痴呆症的总体患病率为4.5%。特定痴呆性疾病的患病率分别为：阿尔茨海默病（AD）（2.0%）、多发梗死性痴呆（MID）（2.0%）和混合性痴呆（MD）（0.5%）。所有类型痴呆症的患病率均随年龄增长而上升；非白人的痴呆症发病率高于白人；女性患AD的比例较高，而男性患MID的比例较高；AD的患病率随受教育程度的提高而上升，而MID的患病率则随受教育程度的提高而下降。尽管这项研究仅涵盖少量病例，在解释结果时需谨慎，但这些数据确实代表了严重痴呆性疾病患病率的一个估计值，并为进一步的社区研究提供了基础。
