巴西公立牙科学院校友分析。

Profiling alumni of a Brazilian public dental school.

机构信息

School of Dentistry, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, Brazil.

出版信息

Hum Resour Health. 2010 Aug 18;8:20. doi: 10.1186/1478-4491-8-20.

DOI:10.1186/1478-4491-8-20

PMID:20718976

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2933588/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Follow-up studies of former students are an efficient way to organize the entire process of professional training and curriculum evaluation. The aim of this study was to identify professional profile subgroups based on job-related variables in a sample of former students of a Brazilian public dental school.

METHODS

A web-based password-protected questionnaire was sent to 633 registered dentists who graduated from the Federal University of Goias between 1988 and 2007. Job-related information was retrieved from 14 closed questions, on subjects such as gender, occupational routine, training, profits, income status, and self-perception of professional career, generating an automatic database for analysis. The two-step cluster method was used for dividing dentists into groups on the basis of minimal within-group and maximal between-group variation, using job-related variables to represent attributes upon which the clustering was based.

RESULTS

There were 322 respondents (50.9%), predominantly female (64.9%) and the mean age was 34 years (SD = 6.0). The automatic selection of an optimal number of clusters included 289 cases (89.8%) in 3 natural clusters. Clusters 1, 2 and 3 included 52.2%, 30.8% and 17.0% of the sample respectively. Interpretation of within-group rank of variable importance for cluster segmentation resulted in the following characterization of clusters: Cluster 1 - specialist dentists with higher profits and positive views of the profession; Cluster 2 - general dental practitioners in small cities; Cluster 3 - underpaid and less motivated dentists with negative views of the profession. Male dentists were predominant in cluster 1 and females in cluster 3. One-way Anova showed that age and time since graduation were significantly lower in Cluster 2 (P < 0.001). Alternative solutions with 4 and 5 clusters revealed specific discrimination of Cluster 1 by gender and dental education professionals.

CONCLUSIONS

Cluster analysis was a valuable method for identifying natural grouping with relatively homogeneous cases, providing potentially meaningful information for professional orientation in dentistry in a variety of professional situations and environments.

摘要

背景

对往届学生进行随访研究是组织专业培训和课程评估全过程的有效方法。本研究的目的是在巴西某公立牙科学校往届学生样本中，根据与工作相关的变量确定基于专业特征的亚组。

方法

通过基于网络的密码保护问卷，向 1988 年至 2007 年期间毕业于戈亚斯联邦大学的 633 名注册牙医发送了问卷。从 14 个封闭问题中检索到与工作相关的信息，主题包括性别、职业常规、培训、利润、收入状况和自我感知的职业状况，为分析生成自动数据库。两步聚类法用于根据最小组内和最大组间变异，基于与工作相关的变量将牙医分为不同的群组。

结果

共有 322 名受访者（50.9%），其中女性占多数（64.9%），平均年龄为 34 岁（SD=6.0）。自动选择最佳聚类数包含 289 例（89.8%），分为 3 个自然聚类。聚类 1、2 和 3 分别包含样本的 52.2%、30.8%和 17.0%。对聚类分割的变量重要性进行组内排名的解释，结果对聚类进行了以下特征描述：聚类 1-高利润、对专业持积极看法的专科牙医；聚类 2-小城市的全科牙医；聚类 3-薪酬较低、工作动力不足、对专业持负面看法的牙医。聚类 1 中以男性牙医为主，聚类 3 中以女性牙医为主。单因素方差分析显示，聚类 2 的年龄和毕业时间显著较低（P<0.001）。采用 4 个和 5 个聚类的替代方案表明，性别和牙科教育专业人员对聚类 1 有特定的区分。