Insti. Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Balcarce, Argentina.
J Food Sci. 2010 Aug 1;75(6):S327-32. doi: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2010.01701.x.
The aim of this study was to characterize the quality of celery petioles (Apium graveolens L. cv Golden Clause) from the external, middle, and internal zones of each plant. Harvest dates were 93 (HD1) and 124 (HD2) days after transplantation. Total weight (TW), total length (TL), total leaves number (LN), and petiole length of leaves (PL) for the 3 zones were measured. Physicochemical (color, b* and h; texture; total soluble solids, TSS; titratable acidity, TA; water content, WC), nutraceutical (ascorbic acid, AA; total quinones, TQ; browning potential, BP), and sensorial analysis (flavor, fibrosity, crunchiness) were done at harvest on petioles of each zone. No differences between harvesting dates were found in TW, TL, LN, and PL. Middle leaves had the highest PL. Harvest dates were not different in b*, h, TA, AA, and WC. Texture, TSS, BP, and TQ resulted higher in petioles of HD2 than in HD1. Similar TSS and TA were found in leaves of different plant zones. The yellow color of both external and internal zones was significantly higher than in the middle zone. The texture and BP was similar between the external and middle zones but the WC was lower in the external zone. Similarly, the AA content as well as the TQ was also lower than in the middle zone. Harvest delay improved the nutraceutical value in terms of BP and TQ, even though it also resulted in pithiness and fibrosity of the leaves. This study therefore suggests that the petioles of the middle zone when harvested at HD1 are the most suitable for consumption. Practical Application: Celery is a vegetable reduced in calories, has a high nutritional value and its fresh petioles are mainly consumed in salads. The texture and flavor are the most important attributes that define consumers' acceptability. As nutritional value, texture, and flavor may change with plant age and different zones of the plant, harvest date plays an important role on quality. Results indicate that harvest delay improved the nutraceutical value even though it also resulted in pithiness and fibrosity of the stalks. Petioles of the middle zone, when harvested at 93 d after transplanting, are the most suitable for consumers' consumption.
本研究旨在对每株植物的外部、中部和内部区域的芹菜叶柄（Apium graveolens L. cv Golden Clause）进行质量特征描述。收获日期分别为移栽后 93 天（HD1）和 124 天（HD2）。测量了 3 个区域的总重量（TW）、总长度（TL）、总叶片数（LN）和叶片叶柄长度（PL）。在收获时对每个区域的叶柄进行了理化特性（颜色，b和 h；质地；总可溶性固形物，TSS；可滴定酸度，TA；水分含量，WC）、营养特性（抗坏血酸，AA；总醌，TQ；褐变潜力，BP）和感官分析（风味、纤维感、酥脆感）。在 TW、TL、LN 和 PL 方面，两个收获日期之间没有差异。中部叶片具有最长的 PL。b、h、TA、AA 和 WC 方面，两个收获日期之间没有差异。HD2 收获日期的 TSS、TA、BP 和 TQ 均高于 HD1。不同植物区域的叶片具有相似的 TSS 和 TA。外区和内区的黄色颜色明显高于中区。外区和中区的质地和 BP 相似，但外区的水分含量较低。类似地，AA 含量以及 TQ 也低于中区。收获延迟提高了 BP 和 TQ 的营养特性，尽管这也导致了叶片的木质化和纤维化。因此，本研究表明，在 HD1 收获时，中部区域的叶柄最适合食用。实用应用：芹菜是一种低热量的蔬菜，具有很高的营养价值，其新鲜叶柄主要用于沙拉。质地和风味是决定消费者可接受性的最重要属性。由于营养价值、质地和风味可能随植物年龄和植物不同区域而变化，收获日期对质量起着重要作用。结果表明，收获延迟提高了营养特性，尽管这也导致了叶柄的木质化和纤维化。在移栽后 93 天收获时，中部区域的叶柄最适合消费者食用。
