University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, USA.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 2011 Jan;64(1):161-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2009.11.018. Epub 2010 Aug 17.
Onychoheterotopia is an extremely rare condition in which the nail tissue grows outside the classic nail unit of the dorsal fingers and toes. It presents as either small outgrowths of a deviant nail or a complete double fingernail malformation. The histology of the onychoheterotopia matrix is oftentimes very similar to the normal nail matrix, although it plays a central role in diagnosis.
We sought to review the current literature on the clinical and histologic aspects of onychoheterotopia.
A literature search was performed to evaluate peer-reviewed articles on the topic.
Detailed reports have characterized many features of onychoheterotopia. The various etiology and treatment options are reviewed.
The study was limited to those articles in the English-language literature.
In this article, we provide a review of the literature based on the current understanding of onychoheterotopia, its diagnosis, and its management.
甲下外生性是一种极为罕见的疾病，其指甲组织生长于手指和脚趾背侧的经典甲单元之外。其表现为异常指甲的小赘生物或完全的双重指甲畸形。甲下外生性的基质组织学通常与正常的甲母质非常相似，但它在诊断中起着核心作用。
我们旨在回顾甲下外生性的临床和组织学方面的现有文献。
进行了文献检索，以评估有关该主题的同行评审文章。
详细的报告描述了甲下外生性的许多特征。回顾了各种病因和治疗选择。
该研究仅限于英文文献中的文章。
在本文中，我们根据目前对甲下外生性的理解，对其诊断和治疗进行了文献综述。
