Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, USA.
Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2011 Nov-Dec;77(6):640-5. doi: 10.4103/0378-6323.86470.
Trachyonychia or rough nails, may present as an idiopathic disorder of the nails or it can be associated with other dermatological conditions. The dystrophic nail findings seen in trachyonychia are characterized by brittle, thin nails, with excessive longitudinal ridging. The most common histopathologic features associated with trachyonychia are spongiosis and exocytosis of inflammatory cells into the nail epithelia; typical features of lichen planus or psoriasis can also be detected. Determining the cause of trachyonychia is challenging. Treatment is often unsatisfactory, although in general it should be aimed at the underlying cause, if found. In most cases, the nail abnormalities improve spontaneously.
杵状甲或粗糙甲，可能表现为指甲的特发性疾病，也可能与其他皮肤状况有关。杵状甲的营养不良性指甲表现为指甲易碎、变薄，有过多的纵向脊。与杵状甲相关的最常见组织病理学特征是海绵形成和炎症细胞向甲上皮细胞外溢；也可以检测到扁平苔藓或银屑病的典型特征。确定杵状甲的原因具有挑战性。治疗往往不尽如人意，尽管通常应针对潜在病因进行治疗，如果发现的话。在大多数情况下，指甲异常会自发改善。
