Laboratoire Vigne, Biotechnologies & Environnement, Université de Haute Alsace, 33 rue de Herrlisheim, BP 50568, 68 008 Colmar Cedex, France.
BMC Plant Biol. 2010 Aug 20;10:184. doi: 10.1186/1471-2229-10-184.
Genes belonging to the pathogenesis related 10 (PR10) group have been studied in several plant species, where they form multigene families. Until now, such an analysis has not been performed in Vitis vinifera, although three different PR10 genes were found to be expressed under pathogen attack or abiotic stress, and during somatic embryogenesis induction. We used the complete genome sequence for characterising the whole V. vinifera PR10 gene family. The expression of candidate genes was studied in various non-treated tissues and following somatic embryogenesis induction by the auxin 2,4-D.
In addition to the three V. vinifera PR10 genes already described, namely VvPR10.1, VvPR10.2 and VvPR10.3, fourteen different PR10 related sequences were identified. Showing high similarity, they form a single cluster on the chromosome 5 comprising three pseudogenes. The expression of nine different genes was detected in various tissues. Although differentially expressed in non-treated plant organs, several genes were up-regulated in tissues treated with 2,4-D, as expected for PR genes.
PR10 genes form a multigene family in V. vinifera, as found in birch, apple or peach. Seventeen closely related PR10 sequences are arranged in a tandem array on the chromosome 5, probably reflecting small-scale duplications during evolution. Various expression patterns were found for nine studied genes, highlighting functional diversification. A phylogenetic comparison of deduced proteins with PR10 proteins of other plants showed a characteristic low intraspecific variability. Particularly, a group of seven close tandem duplicates including VvPR10.1, VvPR10.2 and VvPR10.3 showed a very high similarity, suggesting concerted evolution or/and recent duplications.
在几个植物物种中，已经研究了属于发病机制相关 10（PR10）组的基因，它们形成多基因家族。到目前为止，在葡萄属中还没有进行过这样的分析，尽管发现了三种不同的 PR10 基因在受到病原体攻击或非生物胁迫以及体细胞胚胎发生诱导时表达。我们使用完整的基因组序列来描述整个葡萄属 PR10 基因家族。研究了候选基因在各种未经处理的组织中的表达情况，并在体细胞胚胎发生诱导后用生长素 2,4-D 进行了研究。
除了已经描述的三个葡萄属 PR10 基因，即 VvPR10.1、VvPR10.2 和 VvPR10.3 外，还鉴定了十四个不同的 PR10 相关序列。它们具有高度的相似性，在包含三个假基因的染色体 5 上形成一个单一的簇。在各种组织中检测到九个不同基因的表达。尽管在未经处理的植物器官中表达差异，但正如预期的那样，几个基因在 2,4-D 处理的组织中上调。
PR10 基因在葡萄属中形成一个多基因家族，如在桦树、苹果或桃中发现的那样。十七个密切相关的 PR10 序列在染色体 5 上呈串联排列，可能反映了进化过程中的小规模重复。对研究的九个基因的各种表达模式进行了研究，突出了功能多样化。与其他植物的 PR10 蛋白进行系统发育比较表明，种内变异特征较低。特别是包括 VvPR10.1、VvPR10.2 和 VvPR10.3 在内的七个密切串联重复的基因组表现出非常高的相似性，表明协同进化或/和近期重复。
