Violence and Society Research Group, Applied Clinical Research and Public Health, School of Dentistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XY, UK.
Alcohol Alcohol. 2010 Sep-Oct;45(5):403-8. doi: 10.1093/alcalc/agq048. Epub 2010 Aug 20.
Policy responses to the growing burden of alcohol-related disease fail to consider the interrelated nature of substance misuse and the potential for complex interactions in response to alcohol-specific interventions. This paper considers possible aggregate level responses to the alcohol policy and whether alcohol policy can be expected to reduce overall harm.
A review and discussion of the relevant literature was conducted.
Evidence indicates that those at greatest risk consume stronger alcoholic beverages more frequently, that they are likely to complement their consumption with a range of intoxicants and that they are more likely to substitute alcohol with other substances.
Policies aimed at reducing alcohol consumption can be successful. However, evidence suggests a significant minority of consumers are likely to substitute or complement consumption with a range of intoxicants suggesting that policy is unlikely to reduce all-cause mortality and morbidity. Further research into the nature of substitution and complementarity is required.
应对与酒精相关的疾病负担日益加重的政策措施没有考虑到物质滥用的相互关系以及对特定于酒精的干预措施作出复杂反应的可能性。本文考虑了对酒精政策的可能的总体反应，以及是否可以期望酒精政策减少总体伤害。
对相关文献进行了回顾和讨论。
有证据表明，风险最大的人群更频繁地饮用更强烈的酒精饮料，他们可能会用一系列的兴奋剂来补充他们的饮酒，而且他们更有可能用其他物质代替酒精。
旨在减少酒精消费的政策可以取得成功。然而，有证据表明，少数消费者很可能会用一系列的兴奋剂来替代或补充他们的消费，这表明政策不太可能降低所有原因的死亡率和发病率。需要进一步研究替代和补充的性质。
