Cheng S K
Multicultural Psychiatric Centre, Perth, WA 6000.
Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 1990 Dec;24(4):510-5. doi: 10.3109/00048679009062907.
The economic miracle of East Asia is followed by the emergence of a new common identity in Confucianism among the nations in the region. Being the predominant cultural determining force in East Asia, Confucianism has deeply influenced East Asian behaviour. Three behavioural traits in East Asians are discussed. First, the East Asian's lack of "personality" is traced to the Confucian social institution of Li-rules of propriety. Second, the East Asian's lack of principled moral thinking is linked to the dyadic, relation-based character of the Confucian ethic, its lack of hypothetical reasoning and its hierarchical view of human relationships. Third, the East Asian's lack of assertiveness is rooted in the Confucian ideal of man as a reflection of harmony in the cosmos and the Confucian ideal of society as based on the fulfillment of duties rather than the assertion of rights. The implications of these Confucian traits suggest the need to re-formulate Western conceptions of and approaches to East Asian behaviour.
东亚的经济奇迹之后，该地区各国出现了一种新的以儒家思想为核心的共同身份认同。作为东亚占主导地位的文化决定力量，儒家思想深刻影响了东亚人的行为。本文讨论了东亚人的三种行为特征。首先，东亚人缺乏“个性”可追溯到儒家的社会制度——礼的规范。其次，东亚人缺乏原则性的道德思考与儒家伦理基于二元关系、缺乏假设推理以及等级化的人际关系观有关。第三，东亚人缺乏主见源于儒家认为人是宇宙和谐的反映这一观念，以及儒家认为社会基于履行义务而非主张权利的观念。这些儒家特征的影响表明，有必要重新审视西方对东亚人行为的看法和研究方法。
