Bioforsk Soil & Environment, Fredrik A Dahls vei 20, N-1432 As, Norway.
Nanomedicine (Lond). 2010 Aug;5(6):975-84. doi: 10.2217/nnm.10.58.
In terrestrial ecotoxicology there is a serious lack of data for potential hazards posed by engineered nanoparticles (ENPs). This is partly due to complex interactions between ENPs and the soil matrix, but also to the lack of suitable toxicological end points in organisms that are exposed to ENPs in a relevant manner. Earthworms are key organisms in terrestrial ecosystems, but so far only physiological end points of low sensitivity have been used in ecotoxicity studies with ENPs. We exposed the earthworm Lumbricus terrestris to silver nanoparticles and measured their impact on apoptosis in different tissues. Increased apoptotic activity was detected in a range of tissues both at acute and sublethal concentrations (down to 4 mg/kg soil). Comparing exposure in water and soil showed reduced bioavailability in soil reflected in the apoptotic response. Apoptosis appears to be a sensitive end point and potentially a powerful tool for quantifying environmental hazards of ENPs.
在陆地生态毒理学中，对于工程纳米粒子（ENPs）所构成的潜在危害，我们的数据十分匮乏。这部分是由于 ENPs 与土壤基质之间复杂的相互作用，但也因为缺乏在以相关方式暴露于 ENPs 的生物体中合适的毒理学终点。蚯蚓是陆地生态系统中的关键生物，但到目前为止，在 ENPs 的生态毒性研究中，仅使用了低灵敏度的生理终点。我们将蚯蚓暴露于银纳米粒子中，并测量它们对不同组织中细胞凋亡的影响。在急性和亚致死浓度（低至 4 毫克/千克土壤）下，在一系列组织中均检测到细胞凋亡活性增加。将在水中和土壤中的暴露进行比较，显示出在土壤中降低的生物利用度反映在凋亡反应中。细胞凋亡似乎是一个敏感的终点，并且可能是量化 ENPs 环境危害的有力工具。
