Bodó Kornélia, Baranzini Nicoló, Girardello Rossana, Kokhanyuk Bohdana, Németh Péter, Hayashi Yuya, Grimaldi Annalisa, Engelmann Péter
Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti u, 12, 7643 Pécs, Hungary.
Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, University of Insubria, Via J.H. Dunant 3, 21100 Varese, Italy.
Biology (Basel). 2020 Sep 23;9(10):307. doi: 10.3390/biology9100307.
Earthworms and leeches are sentinel animals that represent the annelid phylum within terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems, respectively. One early stress signal in these organisms is related to innate immunity, but how nanomaterials affect it is poorly characterized. In this survey, we compare the latest literature on earthworm and leeches with examples of their molecular/cellular responses to inorganic (silver nanoparticles) and organic (carbon nanotubes) nanomaterials. A special focus is placed on the role of annelid immunocytes in the evolutionarily conserved antioxidant and immune mechanisms and protein corona formation and probable endocytosis pathways involved in nanomaterial uptake. Our summary helps to realize why these environmental sentinels are beneficial to study the potential detrimental effects of nanomaterials.
蚯蚓和水蛭分别是陆地和淡水生态系统中代表环节动物门的指示动物。这些生物中的一种早期应激信号与先天免疫有关，但纳米材料如何影响它却鲜有描述。在这项调查中，我们将蚯蚓和水蛭的最新文献与其对无机（银纳米颗粒）和有机（碳纳米管）纳米材料的分子/细胞反应实例进行了比较。特别关注环节动物免疫细胞在进化上保守的抗氧化和免疫机制、蛋白质冠形成以及纳米材料摄取所涉及的可能的内吞途径中的作用。我们的总结有助于理解为什么这些环境指示动物有利于研究纳米材料的潜在有害影响。
