Gloria Antonio, De Santis Roberto, Ambrosio Luigi
Institute of Composite and Biomedical Materials, National Research Council, Naples, Italy.
J Appl Biomater Biomech. 2010 May-Aug;8(2):57-67.
Tissue engineering may be defined as the application of biological, chemical and engineering principles toward the repair, restoration or regeneration of living tissue using biomaterials, cells and biologically active molecules alone or in combinations. The rapid restoration of tissue biomechanical function represents a great challenge, highlighting the need to mimic tissue structure and mechanical behavior through scaffold designs. For this reason, several biodegradable and bioresorbable materials, as well as technologies and scaffold designs, have been widely investigated from an experimental and/or clinical point of view. Accordingly, this review aims at stressing the importance of polymer-based composite materials to make multifunctional scaffolds for tissue engineering, with a special focus on bone, ligaments, meniscus and cartilage. Moreover, polymer-based nanocomposites will also be briefly introduced as an interesting strategy to improve the biological and mechanical performances of polymer scaffolds, especially for bone tissue engineering.
组织工程可定义为运用生物学、化学和工程学原理，单独或组合使用生物材料、细胞和生物活性分子，对活组织进行修复、恢复或再生。组织生物力学功能的快速恢复是一项巨大挑战，这凸显了通过支架设计来模拟组织结构和力学行为的必要性。因此，从实验和/或临床角度出发，人们对几种可生物降解和可生物吸收的材料以及技术和支架设计进行了广泛研究。相应地，本综述旨在强调聚合物基复合材料在制造用于组织工程的多功能支架方面的重要性，特别关注骨骼、韧带、半月板和软骨。此外，还将简要介绍聚合物基纳米复合材料，这是一种改善聚合物支架生物学和力学性能的有趣策略，尤其适用于骨组织工程。
