Martin N J, Holroyd K A, Penzien D B
Psychology Department, Ohio University, Athens 45701.
Headache. 1990 Nov;30(11):729-34. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.1990.hed3011729.x.
This paper describes the development, psychometric properties, and construct and incremental validity of a Headache-Specific Locus of Control Scale (HSLC). The HSLC is a 33 item scale designed specifically for recurrent headache sufferers. It assesses the individual's perceptions that headache problems and headache relief are determined primarily by: the individual's behavior (Internal factors), Health Care Professionals, or Chance factors. The psychometric properties of the HSLC were satisfactory. Among our findings were that: (1) the belief that headache problems and relief are determined by chance factors was associated with higher levels of depression, physical complaints, reliance on maladaptive pain coping strategies (p less than .001), and greater headache-related disability (p less than .01); (2) the belief that headache problems and relief are influenced primarily by the ministrations of health care professionals was associated with higher levels of medication use (p less than .01) and preference for medical treatment (p less than .001); and (3) the belief that headache problems are determined by the individual's responses and behaviors was associated with a preference for self-regulation treatment (p less than .01). These findings suggest adaptation to headache problems is influenced not only by the frequency and severity of the headache episodes, but by locus of control beliefs. The assessment of locus of control beliefs may provide useful information not typically obtained from standard medical evaluations.
本文描述了头痛特异性控制点量表（HSLC）的开发、心理测量特性、结构效度和增量效度。HSLC是一个专门为复发性头痛患者设计的包含33个条目的量表。它评估个体对头痛问题和头痛缓解主要由以下因素决定的认知：个体行为（内部因素）、医疗保健专业人员或机遇因素。HSLC的心理测量特性令人满意。我们的研究结果包括：（1）认为头痛问题和缓解由机遇因素决定的信念与更高水平的抑郁、身体不适、对适应不良疼痛应对策略的依赖（p<0.001）以及更大的头痛相关残疾（p<0.01）相关；（2）认为头痛问题和缓解主要受医疗保健专业人员治疗影响的信念与更高的药物使用水平（p<0.01）和对药物治疗的偏好（p<0.001）相关；（3）认为头痛问题由个体反应和行为决定的信念与对自我调节治疗的偏好（p<0.01）相关。这些发现表明，对头痛问题的适应不仅受头痛发作频率和严重程度的影响，还受控制点信念的影响。控制点信念的评估可能提供通常从标准医学评估中无法获得的有用信息。
