Santamore W P, Constantinescu M S, Bogen D, Johnston W E
Philadelphia Heart Institute, Presbyterian Medical Center, Pennsylvania.
Basic Res Cardiol. 1990 Nov-Dec;85(6):541-9. doi: 10.1007/BF01907889.
It has been suggested that pericardial fluid functions as a lubricant rather than a means of transmitting pericardial pressure from one region of the heart to another. Since the functional behavior of pericardial fluid depends on fluid thickness, we measured pericardial volume and fluid distribution. In seven animals, we found that the normal canine pericardium contains 0.25 +/- 0.15 ml of pericardial fluid per kg of body weight, resulting in an average pericardial fluid thickness of only 0.34 +/- 0.27 mm. We next determined the pericardial fluid distribution in eight anesthetized mongrel dogs (17-29 kg). Color video images were recorded, while green dye (0.1 ml) was injected into the pericardial space overlying the ventricular apex to allow visualization of the pericardial fluid distribution. Within 26 +/- 17 s (range 15-53 s), dye reached the base of the heart. After 15 min of equilibration, the dye distribution appeared very nonuniform with dye accumulation over the interventricular and atrioventricular grooves. Little or no dye was present over the right and left ventricular free walls. We conclude that pericardial fluid thickness over the interventricular and atrio-ventricular grooves is sufficient to allow fluid motion in these regions. In contrast, pericardial fluid thickness overlying the ventricular free walls is very thin. Thus, in these regions the pericardial fluid functions primarily as a lubricant; and regional variations in pericardial pressure may occur.
有人提出心包液起到润滑作用，而非将心包压力从心脏的一个区域传递到另一个区域的介质。由于心包液的功能行为取决于液体厚度，我们测量了心包容积和液体分布。在7只动物中，我们发现正常犬的心包每千克体重含有0.25±0.15毫升心包液，导致心包液平均厚度仅为0.34±0.27毫米。接下来，我们在8只麻醉的杂种犬（体重17 - 29千克）中确定了心包液分布。记录彩色视频图像，同时将绿色染料（0.1毫升）注入心室尖上方的心包腔，以观察心包液分布。在26±17秒（范围15 - 53秒）内，染料到达心脏底部。平衡15分钟后，染料分布极不均匀，在室间沟和房室沟处有染料积聚。左右心室游离壁上几乎没有染料。我们得出结论，室间沟和房室沟处的心包液厚度足以允许这些区域的液体流动。相比之下，心室游离壁上方的心包液厚度非常薄。因此，在这些区域，心包液主要起润滑作用；并且心包压力可能会出现区域差异。
