König W
Immun Infekt. 1978 Jun;6(3):97-105.
It is well established that eosinophilia both in tissue and in the circulation is characteristic for many clinical conditions. They include diseases associated with immediate and delayed type hypersensitivity. Under these conditions the eosinophil leukocyte is a prominent participant at sites of inflammatory reactions. Through their enzymes they are able to counteract the mediators of inflammation, such as histamine, the slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A) and the platelet aggregating factor (PAF). In addition, eosinophils exert their sepcific functions during parasitic infection, in which they lead to severe damage of parasites. Eosinophils have also been involved in the process of the replenishment of mediators by dampening the synthesis of mediators in mast cells. Accumulation of eosinophils in tissue or in the circulation is due to chemokinesis and chemotaxis. A great number of eosinophilotactic factors can be generated from cells, such as lymphocytes, basophils, mast cells and polymorphnuclear leukocytes. In addition, several serum components have been shown to exert eosinophilotactic properties. The eosinophilotactic factors differ in molecular weight, chemical structure and their specificty. Eosinophilia is therefore a complex phenomenon: It can be modulated by factors which act on the maturation of the eosinophil, on the production and secretion of eosinophilotactic factors and on the responsiveness of the target cells.
众所周知，组织和循环中的嗜酸性粒细胞增多是许多临床病症的特征。这些病症包括与速发型和迟发型超敏反应相关的疾病。在这些情况下，嗜酸性粒细胞是炎症反应部位的主要参与者。通过其酶，它们能够对抗炎症介质，如组胺、过敏反应慢反应物质（SRS-A）和血小板聚集因子（PAF）。此外，嗜酸性粒细胞在寄生虫感染期间发挥其特定功能，在这种感染中它们会导致寄生虫严重受损。嗜酸性粒细胞还通过抑制肥大细胞中介质的合成参与介质补充过程。嗜酸性粒细胞在组织或循环中的积聚是由于趋化作用和趋化性。大量嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子可由淋巴细胞、嗜碱性粒细胞、肥大细胞和多形核白细胞等细胞产生。此外，几种血清成分已被证明具有嗜酸性粒细胞趋化特性。嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子在分子量、化学结构和特异性方面存在差异。因此，嗜酸性粒细胞增多是一种复杂的现象：它可受到作用于嗜酸性粒细胞成熟、嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子产生和分泌以及靶细胞反应性的因素调节。
