Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, Section of Arctic Veterinary Medicine, Stakkevollveien 23, N-9010 Tromsø, Norway.
Vet Parasitol. 2010 Sep 20;172(3-4):256-63. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.05.018. Epub 2010 May 27.
Blood samples of live-caught polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from Svalbard collected 1991-2000 (Period 1) and 2006-2008 (Period 2) and from the pack ice of the Barents Sea collected in Period 1, were assayed for antibodies against Trichinella spp. by ELISA. Of 54 cubs-of-the-year included in the Period 1 sample, 53 were seronegative, indicating that exposure to Trichinella infected meat is uncommon during the first months of life for polar bears in the Svalbard region. Of 30 mother-offspring pairs, 18 mothers were seropositive with seronegative offspring (n=27), suggesting (1) that maternal antibodies had dropped to levels below detection limit by the time of capture in April (offspring approximately 4 months old), and (2) supporting experimental studies in other animal models showing that vertical transmission of Trichinella spp. is uncommon. Bear 1 year and older had higher prevalence in Svalbard (78%) than in the Barents Sea (51%). There was no temporal change in prevalence for bears from Svalbard during the time between the two periods. The prevalence increased with age in both sexes. A positive correlation was found between anti-Toxoplasma gondii and anti-Trichinella spp. antibodies.
采集于 1991 年至 2000 年（第 1 时期）和 2006 年至 2008 年（第 2 时期）的斯瓦尔巴德地区的活体北极熊（Ursus maritimus）的血液样本和巴伦支海的浮冰样本，通过 ELISA 检测抗旋毛虫抗体。第 1 时期的样本中包括 54 只熊崽，其中 53 只呈血清阴性，表明在斯瓦尔巴德地区，北极熊在生命的头几个月接触感染旋毛虫的肉的情况并不常见。在 30 对母子中，有 18 只母亲呈血清阳性，而血清阴性的后代有 27 只（n=27），这表明：（1）母源抗体在 4 月（后代大约 4 个月大）被捕时已降至检测限以下；（2）支持其他动物模型的实验研究表明，旋毛虫属的垂直传播并不常见。1 岁及以上的熊在斯瓦尔巴德的流行率（78%）高于巴伦支海（51%）。在两个时期之间，斯瓦尔巴德地区的熊的流行率没有随时间发生变化。在两性中，流行率随年龄的增长而增加。抗弓形虫和抗旋毛虫抗体之间存在正相关关系。
