Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Patologia Animale, Igiene e Sanità Pubblica Veterinaria, via Celoria 10, 20133 Milano, Italy.
Virology. 2010 Nov 10;407(1):91-9. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2010.08.004. Epub 2010 Aug 24.
Lactogenic transmission plays an important role in the biology of lentiviruses such as HIV and SIV or the small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLV). In this work we analyzed the characteristics of viruses that goats, naturally infected with two strains of SRLV, transmitted to their kids. The spectrum of viral genotypes transmitted was broader and the efficiency of transmission greater compared to their human and simian counterparts. The newly described A10 subgroup of SRLV was more efficiently transmitted than the B1 genotype. The analysis of a particular stretch of the envelope glycoprotein encompassing a potential neutralizing epitope revealed that, as in SIV, the transmitted viruses were positively charged in this region, but, in contrast to SIV, they tended to lack a glycosylation site that might protect against antibody neutralization. We conclude that the physiology of the ruminant neonatal intestine, which permits the adsorption of infected maternal cells, shaped the evolution of these particular lentiviruses that represent a valid model of lactogenic lentivirus transmission.
成纤维细胞亲代传播在慢病毒（如 HIV 和 SIV 或小反刍动物慢病毒（SRLV））的生物学中起着重要作用。在这项工作中，我们分析了自然感染两种 SRLV 毒株的山羊传播给其幼崽的病毒特征。与人类和灵长类动物相比，传播的病毒基因型谱更广泛，传播效率更高。新描述的 SRLV A10 亚群比 B1 基因型传播效率更高。对包膜糖蛋白中一个潜在中和表位的特定区域的分析表明，与 SIV 一样，传播的病毒在该区域带正电荷，但与 SIV 不同的是，它们往往缺乏一个可能免受抗体中和的糖基化位点。我们得出结论，反刍动物新生儿肠道的生理学允许吸附受感染的母体细胞，这塑造了这些特定的慢病毒的进化，它们代表了一种有效的成纤维细胞亲代慢病毒传播模型。
