Mann Mali
San Francisco Center for Psychoanalysis, USA.
Am J Psychoanal. 2010 Sep;70(3):270-81. doi: 10.1057/ajp.2010.22.
The paper examines the psychoanalytic theory of shame and the importance of developmental aspects of the shame affect. In a clinical setting, the discovery of the shame affect, stemming from unconscious and early traumatic situations, is an important and useful approach in helping the patient access painful memories and defenses against them. The defenses disguise the underlying shame affect; furthermore, vision is being bound up with the searing painful affect of shame. The anticipatory dread of scornful gaze of another person, similar to objective self-awareness can cause mortification. Fear of mortification and being exposed emerges in the clinical setting. Through the recognition of enactments in the transference and countertransference interchange, the analyst helps the patient working through them. Several case vignettes demonstrate these important concepts. Finally, the author discusses how shame in certain situations can be a powerful, positive motivator for human interactions.
本文探讨了羞耻的精神分析理论以及羞耻情感发展方面的重要性。在临床环境中，源于无意识和早期创伤情境的羞耻情感的发现，是帮助患者触及痛苦记忆并抵御这些记忆的一种重要且有用的方法。防御机制掩盖了潜在的羞耻情感；此外，视觉与羞耻带来的灼痛情感紧密相连。对他人轻蔑目光的预期恐惧，类似于客观自我意识，可能会导致屈辱感。在临床环境中会出现对屈辱和被揭露的恐惧。通过识别移情和反移情交流中的行为表现，分析师帮助患者梳理这些问题。几个案例片段展示了这些重要概念。最后，作者讨论了在某些情况下羞耻如何能够成为人际互动的强大积极动力。
