Wille Robbert
Tooropkade 10, 2102AA, Heemstede, The Netherlands.
Int J Psychoanal. 2014 Aug;95(4):695-717. doi: 10.1111/1745-8315.12208. Epub 2014 Jun 10.
This paper presents 'the shame of existing' as a form of shame that is deeper and more extensive than those customarily encountered. 'The shame of existing' is defined as shame about existing as we are and especially at the fact that we are. It is accompanied by merciless and total rejection of the subject's self and by feelings of extreme worthlessness and inferiority coupled with the all-pervasive conviction that it would be better not to exist. On the basis of clinical material, consideration is given to the specific transference and countertransference aspects of analyses in which the shame of existing constitutes an important part of the patient's pathology. Disturbance of handling and holding by the primary objects right from birth is suggested as the earliest developmental basis of the shame of existing. This disturbance is attributed to hate and rejection of the infant by the primary objects and to the infant's not being touched emotionally and physically and not having its right to exist acknowledged. The paper begins with an introduction to shame as an affect and as a concept in psychoanalytic theory.
本文提出“存在之耻”是一种比通常遇到的羞耻更深层次、更广泛的羞耻形式。“存在之耻”被定义为对我们当下的存在，尤其是对我们自身存在这一事实感到羞耻。它伴随着对主体自我的无情且彻底的拒绝，以及极度的无价值感和自卑感，同时还伴随着一种普遍存在的信念，即不存在会更好。基于临床资料，本文探讨了“存在之耻”构成患者病理重要部分的分析中特定的移情和反移情方面。从出生起主要客体对处理和关爱的干扰被认为是“存在之耻”最早的发展基础。这种干扰归因于主要客体对婴儿的仇恨和拒绝，以及婴儿在情感和身体上未得到触碰，其生存权利未得到承认。本文开篇介绍了羞耻作为一种情感以及精神分析理论中的一个概念。
