Wahl Patrick, Zinner Christoph, Achtzehn Silvia, Bloch Wilhelm, Mester Joachim
Institute of Training Science and Sport Informatics, German Sport University, Cologne, Germany.
Growth Horm IGF Res. 2010 Oct;20(5):380-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ghir.2010.08.001. Epub 2010 Aug 30.
The purpose of the present study was to examine the acute hormonal response of a short term high-intensity training (HIT) versus a high volume endurance training (HVT) and to determine the contribution of the metabolic acidosis as a stimulus for possibly different reactions of circulating hGH, IGF-1, IGFBP-3 and cortisol.
Eleven subjects participated in three experimental trials separated by one week. Two times subjects performed four 30s maximal effort exercise bouts on a cycle ergometer separated by 5 min rest each. Before the exercise subjects either received (single-blinded) bicarbonate (HIT (B)) or a placebo (HIT (P)). The third exercise trail consisted of a constant load exercise for 1h at 50% VO₂max (HVT). Venous blood samples were taken under resting conditions, 10 min, 60 min and 240 min after each exercise condition to determine hGH, IGF-1, IGFBP-3 and cortisol serum concentrations. Capillary blood samples were taken to determine lactate concentrations and blood gas parameters.
Power output, mean lactate concentrations and mean pH values were significantly higher during HIT (B) compared to HIT (P). Serum cortisol and hGH concentrations were significantly increased 10 min post exercise in both HIT interventions. IGFBP-3 was only significantly increased after HIT (P), whereas IGF-1 was not affected by any of the interventions. HVT showed no significant effects on cortisol, hGH, IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels. Additionally it was shown that the diminished acidosis during HIT (B) attenuates the cortisol and hGH response.
The present study suggests that HIT/acidosis is a stimulus for exercise-induced cortisol/hGH secretion, but not for IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 under these experimental conditions. These findings might be relevant for arrangements of interval training, due to the fact that active or passive recovery during rest periods influence the acid base status and may therefore influence the hormonal response.
本研究旨在检验短期高强度训练（HIT）与高容量耐力训练（HVT）的急性激素反应，并确定代谢性酸中毒作为刺激因素对循环中生长激素（hGH）、胰岛素样生长因子-1（IGF-1）、胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-3（IGFBP-3）和皮质醇可能产生不同反应的作用。
11名受试者参加了三项实验性试验，试验间隔为一周。受试者两次在自行车测力计上进行4次持续30秒的最大强度运动，每次运动间隔5分钟休息。在运动前，受试者要么接受（单盲）碳酸氢盐（HIT（B）），要么接受安慰剂（HIT（P））。第三次运动试验包括在50%最大摄氧量（VO₂max）下进行1小时的恒定负荷运动（HVT）。在静息状态下以及每次运动条件后的10分钟、60分钟和240分钟采集静脉血样，以测定hGH、IGF-1、IGFBP-3和皮质醇的血清浓度。采集毛细血管血样以测定乳酸浓度和血气参数。
与HIT（P）相比，HIT（B）期间的功率输出、平均乳酸浓度和平均pH值显著更高。在两种HIT干预中，运动后10分钟血清皮质醇和hGH浓度均显著升高。IGFBP-3仅在HIT（P）后显著升高，而IGF-1不受任何干预的影响。HVT对皮质醇、hGH、IGF-1和IGFBP-3水平无显著影响。此外，研究表明HIT（B）期间酸中毒的减轻会减弱皮质醇和hGH反应。
本研究表明，在这些实验条件下，HIT/酸中毒是运动诱导皮质醇/hGH分泌的刺激因素，但不是IGF-1和IGFBP-3分泌的刺激因素。这些发现可能与间歇训练的安排有关，因为休息期间的主动或被动恢复会影响酸碱状态，进而可能影响激素反应。
