Flegr Jaroslav, Príplatová Lenka
Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Viničná 7, Praha, Czech Republic.
Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2010;31(4):577-81.
After dominance-related encounters, testosterone levels increase in winners and decrease in losers. In humans, many exceptions have been described. It is possible that the complicated patterns in humans result from the methods limitations--measurement of hormone concentrations in simulated competitive events or sport instead in real-life situations.
Here we studied changes in hormonal levels and self-estimated attractivity in real situations, namely in students after written exams.
We observed that the testosterone and cortisol increased or decreased in relation to the number of wrong answers on the exam. The number of wrong answers was a better predictor of the hormonal changes (increase of both testosterone and cortisol in successful, decrease in unsuccessful students) than the self-estimated number of wrong answers or a subjectively opinionated impression from the exam. On the contrary, the concentration of hormones before the exam and self-estimated attractivity were better predictors of the subjective impression from the exam than the number of wrong answers.
Our results suggest that the students' subconsciousness, which directly influences the concentration of hormones, is able to objectively estimate results of an exam better than their consciousness.
在与优势相关的遭遇之后，获胜者的睾酮水平会升高，失败者的睾酮水平会降低。在人类中，已经描述了许多例外情况。人类中复杂的模式可能是由于方法的局限性——在模拟的竞争事件或运动中而非现实生活情境中测量激素浓度。
在这里，我们研究了现实情境中的激素水平变化和自我评估的吸引力，即笔试后的学生。
我们观察到，睾酮和皮质醇水平随着考试中错误答案的数量而升高或降低。与自我估计的错误答案数量或对考试的主观印象相比，错误答案的数量是激素变化（成功学生中睾酮和皮质醇均升高，失败学生中降低）的更好预测指标。相反，考试前的激素浓度和自我评估的吸引力比错误答案的数量更能预测对考试的主观印象。
我们的结果表明，直接影响激素浓度的学生潜意识比他们的意识更能客观地估计考试结果。
