Barnes P J
Department of Thoracic Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Brompton Hospital, London, UK.
Agents Actions Suppl. 1990;31:175-96. doi: 10.1007/978-3-0348-7379-6_23.
Many neuropeptides have recently been identified in human and animal airways. These peptides, which may coexist with classical transmitters, have potent effects on airway calibre, blood vessels and secretions, raising the possibility that they may be involved in airway diseases such as asthma. Vasoactive intestinal peptide and peptide histidine methionine have potent relaxant effects on both vascular and bronchial smooth muscle, and may be neurotransmitters of non-cholinergic vasodilatation and non-adrenergic bronchodilation. Several neuropeptides which are found in sensory nerves, such as substance P, neurokinin A and calcitonin gene-related peptide, have both direct inflammatory effects and influence inflammatory cells, and might also contribute to the pathology of asthma if released from sensory nerve endings by an axon reflex.
最近在人类和动物气道中发现了许多神经肽。这些肽可能与经典递质共存，对气道管径、血管和分泌物有显著影响，这增加了它们可能参与哮喘等气道疾病的可能性。血管活性肠肽和组氨酸甲硫氨酸肽对血管和支气管平滑肌都有显著的舒张作用，可能是非胆碱能血管舒张和非肾上腺素能支气管舒张的神经递质。在感觉神经中发现的几种神经肽，如P物质、神经激肽A和降钙素基因相关肽，既有直接的炎症作用，又能影响炎症细胞，如果通过轴突反射从感觉神经末梢释放，也可能导致哮喘的病理过程。
