Barnes P J
Experientia. 1987 Jul 15;43(7):832-9. doi: 10.1007/BF01945361.
Many regulatory peptides have been described in the respiratory tract of animals and humans. Some peptides (bombesin, calcitonin, calcitonin gene-related peptide) are localised to neuroendocrine cells and may have a trophic or transmitter role. Others are localised to motor nerves. Vasoactive intestinal peptide and peptide histidine isoleucine are candidates for neurotransmitters of non-adrenergic inhibitory fibres and may be cotransmitters in cholinergic nerves. These peptides may regulate airway smooth muscle tone, bronchial blood flow and airway secretions. Sensory neuropeptides (substance P, neurokinin A and B, calcitonin gene-related peptide) may contract airway smooth muscle, stimulate mucus secretion and regulate bronchial blood flow and microvascular permeability. If released by an axon reflex mechanism these peptides may be involved in the pathogenesis of asthma. Other peptides, such as galanin and neuropeptide Y, are also present but their function is not yet known.
在动物和人类的呼吸道中已发现许多调节肽。一些肽（蛙皮素、降钙素、降钙素基因相关肽）定位于神经内分泌细胞，可能具有营养或递质作用。其他肽则定位于运动神经。血管活性肠肽和肽组氨酸异亮氨酸是非肾上腺素能抑制性纤维神经递质的候选者，可能是胆碱能神经中的共递质。这些肽可能调节气道平滑肌张力、支气管血流量和气道分泌物。感觉神经肽（P物质、神经激肽A和B、降钙素基因相关肽）可能使气道平滑肌收缩，刺激黏液分泌，并调节支气管血流量和微血管通透性。如果这些肽通过轴突反射机制释放，可能参与哮喘的发病机制。其他肽，如甘丙肽和神经肽Y也存在，但它们的功能尚不清楚。
