Section for Social Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Int J Public Health. 2011 Feb;56(1):81-7. doi: 10.1007/s00038-010-0188-6. Epub 2010 Sep 1.
To examine the prevalence of over-the-counter analgesic (OTCA) use and perceived stress among 25 to 44-year-old men and women from 1994 to 2005; to examine the association between stress and OTCA use over time, and to explore whether the association attenuates when controlled by stress-related symptoms.
Cross-sectional studies were carried out in 1994, 2000 and 2005. The study population included men and women from ages 25 to 44 years (n (1994) = 1,781, n (2000) = 5,819, n (2005) = 4,831). The surveys were conducted by face-to-face interviews and the outcome measure was OTCA use. The independent variable was perceived stress and pain/discomfort symptoms were included as covariates.
There was a significant increase in OTCA use and often feeling stressed from 1994 to 2005. Although there was a significant association between stress and OTCA use for men in all three surveys, there was no association in 2000 when adjusted for symptoms. For women stress and OTCA use were not associated in 1994, while in 2000 and 2005 the association was significant, also after adjusting for symptoms.
The findings indicate that there may be an increasing overuse of OTCA in treating stress among 25 to 44-year-old men and women.
研究 1994 年至 2005 年间 25 岁至 44 岁男性和女性的非处方止痛药（OTCA）使用和感知压力的流行情况；研究压力与 OTCA 使用随时间的关系，并探讨当控制与压力相关的症状时，这种关系是否会减弱。
1994 年、2000 年和 2005 年进行了横断面研究。研究人群包括 25 岁至 44 岁的男性和女性（n（1994）=1781，n（2000）=5819，n（2005）=4831）。调查通过面对面访谈进行，结局测量为 OTCA 使用。自变量为感知压力，疼痛/不适症状作为协变量。
1994 年至 2005 年，OTCA 使用和经常感到压力的情况显著增加。尽管在所有三次调查中，男性的压力与 OTCA 使用之间均存在显著关联，但在调整症状后，2000 年时则不存在关联。1994 年，女性的压力与 OTCA 使用之间没有关联，而在 2000 年和 2005 年，这种关联是显著的，即使在调整了症状之后也是如此。
研究结果表明，25 岁至 44 岁的男性和女性中，可能存在越来越多地使用 OTCA 来治疗压力的现象。
