早产儿贫血：病理生理学与治疗。
Anaemia of prematurity: pathophysiology and treatment.
机构信息
University of Iowa College of Medicine, 200 Hawkins Drive, C250 GH, Iowa City, IA 52242-1009, United States.
出版信息
Blood Rev. 2010 Nov;24(6):221-5. doi: 10.1016/j.blre.2010.08.001.
Abstract
Most infants with birth weight <1.0 kg are given multiple red blood cell (RBC) transfusions within the first few weeks of life. The anaemia of prematurity is caused by untimely birth occurring before placental iron transport and fetal erythropoiesis are complete, by phlebotomy blood losses taken for laboratory testing, by low plasma levels of erythropoietin due to both diminished production and accelerated catabolism, by rapid body growth and need for commensurate increase in red cell volume/mass, and by disorders causing RBC losses due to bleeding and/or hemolysis. RBC transfusions are the mainstay of therapy with recombinant human erythropoietin largely unused because it fails to substantially diminish RBC transfusion needs--despite exerting substantial erythropoietic effects on neonatal marrow.
摘要
大多数出生体重<1.0kg 的婴儿在生命的最初几周内需要多次输注红细胞（RBC）。早产儿贫血是由于胎盘铁转运和胎儿红细胞生成尚未完全完成而提前分娩、为实验室检查而采血、由于产生减少和加速分解代谢，以及由于快速的身体生长和需要相应增加红细胞体积/质量而导致的促红细胞生成素的血浆水平降低引起的，由于出血和/或溶血导致 RBC 丢失的疾病也是原因之一。红细胞输注是治疗的主要方法，重组人促红细胞生成素的应用很少，因为它不能显著减少红细胞输注的需求——尽管它对新生儿骨髓有显著的促红细胞生成作用。
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本文引用的文献
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Pathophysiology of Anemia During the Neonatal Period, Including Anemia of Prematurity.新生儿期贫血的病理生理学，包括早产儿贫血。
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Neonatal transfusions.新生儿输血
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Neurodevelopmental outcome of extremely low birth weight infants randomly assigned to restrictive or liberal hemoglobin thresholds for blood transfusion.随机分配至输血时严格或宽松血红蛋白阈值的极低出生体重儿的神经发育结局
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