Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences Center for Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Nat Rev Neurosci. 2010 Oct;11(10):675-81. doi: 10.1038/nrn2913. Epub 2010 Sep 8.
The acquisition and consolidation of memories of stressful events is modulated by glucocorticoids, a type of corticosteroid hormone that is released in high levels from the adrenal glands after exposure to a stressful event. These effects occur through activation of mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs) and glucocorticoid receptors (GRs). The molecular mechanisms that underlie the effects of glucocorticoids on synaptic transmission, synaptic plasticity, learning and memory have recently begun to be identified. Glucocorticoids regulate AMPA (α-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate) receptor trafficking--which is crucially involved in synaptic transmission and plasticity--both rapidly and persistently. Stress hormones may, through modulation of AMPA receptor function, promote the consolidation of behaviourally relevant information.
应激事件相关记忆的获得和巩固受到糖皮质激素的调节，糖皮质激素是一种甾体激素，在暴露于应激事件后从肾上腺中大量释放。这些作用是通过激活盐皮质激素受体 (MRs) 和糖皮质激素受体 (GRs) 实现的。糖皮质激素对突触传递、突触可塑性、学习和记忆的影响的分子机制最近才开始被确定。糖皮质激素调节 AMPA（α-氨基-3-羟基-5-甲基-4-异恶唑丙酸）受体转运——这对于突触传递和可塑性至关重要——既快速又持久。应激激素可能通过调节 AMPA 受体功能促进与行为相关信息的巩固。
