Mastouri Ronald, Sawada Stephen G, Mahenthiran Jo
Department of Medicine of Indiana University Medical Center and the Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther. 2010 Sep;8(9):1335-47. doi: 10.1586/erc.10.77.
Constrictive pericarditis (CP) is the result of scarring and loss of elasticity of the pericardial sac, resulting in external impedance of cardiac filling. It can occur after virtually any pericardial disease process. Patients typically present with signs and symptoms of right heart failure and/or low cardiac output. An important pathophysiological hallmark of CP is exaggerated ventricular interdependence and impaired diastolic filling. Echocardiography is the initial imaging modality for diagnosis of CP. Unfortunately, no echocardiographic sign or combination of signs is pathognomonic for CP. CT scan and cardiac MRI are other imaging techniques that can provide incremental diagnostic information. CT scan can easily detect pericardial thickening and calcification, while cardiac MRI provides a comprehensive evaluation of the pericardium, myocardium and cardiac physiology. Occasionally, a multimodality approach needs to be considered for the conclusive diagnosis of CP.
缩窄性心包炎（CP）是心包囊瘢痕形成和弹性丧失的结果，导致心脏充盈的外部阻抗。它几乎可发生于任何心包疾病过程之后。患者通常表现为右心衰竭和/或心输出量降低的体征和症状。CP的一个重要病理生理特征是心室相互依赖过度和舒张期充盈受损。超声心动图是诊断CP的初始影像学检查方法。不幸的是，没有任何超声心动图征象或征象组合对CP具有确诊意义。CT扫描和心脏MRI是其他可提供更多诊断信息的影像学技术。CT扫描可轻松检测心包增厚和钙化，而心脏MRI可对心包、心肌和心脏生理学进行全面评估。偶尔，对于CP的确切诊断需要考虑采用多模态检查方法。
